Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Biology > Response to Stimuli Word Stimulants > Flashcards

Response to Stimuli Word Stimulants Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Response

A

To environmental changes

Increase survival chance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Tropism

A

Plants
Positive/Negative
Directional stimuli

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Phototropism

A

Positive/Negative

Light intensity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Geotropism

A

Positive/Negative

Gravity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Hydrotropism

A

Positive/Negative

Water abundance in soil

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Directional Stimuli

A

One direction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Behaviour

A

Animal
Response to Stimuli
Find correct environment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Taxis

A

Directional movement
Positive - towards
Negative - away

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Phototaxis

A

Positive/Negative

Light

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Chemotaxis

A

Positive/Negative
Chemicals
Phagocytes/Pathogens (Phagocytosis)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Kinesis

A

Random non directional movement
Moves faster, changes direction more
More intense/threatening stimuli = more movement = more likely to find less threatening

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Woodlice

A

Photokinetic
+ Humid, dark
Choice chamber

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Indoleacetic Acid (IAA)

A 
Distributed in tissue
Regulates growth
Causes cell elongation
Root/shoot tips
Phloem translocation
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

IAA Cause Elongation

A 
Stimulates H+ secretion
\+acidity
Cell walls loosen
lower Water potential - water into cell (osmosis)
\+hydrostatic pressure = cell elongation
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Curve in shoot/roots

A

Cell elongation
IAA = stimulate/inhibit elongation
Phototropism - shaded side IAA
Geotropism - lower side IAA - inhibits elongation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Experiments on growth factors

A

Cap on shoot = no change (IAA in tip)
Collar below tip = curve (IAA in tip)
Metal in half of shoot = what side IAA in

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Nervous System

A

Central

Peripheral

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Central Nervous System

A

Brain

Spinal Cord

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Peripheral Nervous System

A

Cranial nerves
Spinal Nerves
Join to CNS

20
Q

Voluntary response

A

Conscious

21
Q

Involuntary response

A

Automatic Response
Unconscious
Reflex Arc

22
Q

Nerves

A

Bundles of neurones

Into effectors

23
Q

Reflex Arc

A

Unconscious

Stimulus>receptor>neurones>effector>response

24
Q

Receptor

A

Sensory receptor cells

Turn into nerve impulses

25
Q

Neurones

A

Sensory (receptor>spinal cord)
Relay (in spinal cord, sensory>neurone)
Motor (Relay>effector)

26
Q

Effector

A

Muscle fibres contract

Muscles, glands`

27
Q

Sensory Receptos

A

Dendrites in Sensory neurones

Detect specific stimuli

28
Q

Mechanoreceptors

A

Physical change detectors

Pacinian Corpuscle

29
Q

Photoreceotors

A 
Detect light (vision)
Rod and Cone Cells in Retina
30
Q

Pacinian Corpuscle Structure

A 
Neurone
Nerve ending
Layers of connective tissue and viscous gel (lamellae)
Blood Capillary
Capsule
31
Q

Pancinian Corpuscle Response

A 
Pressure
Deforms stretch mediated Na channels
Na+ diffuse down conc gradient to inner membrane
Depolarised
Generator potential
Threshold
Action potential in neurone
32
Q

Retina

A

Rod and Cone Cells
Light > Electrical Energy (Generator Potential)
Connected to neurones of optical nerve > eye > visual cortex
Action potentials = nerve impulses

33
Q

Rod Cells

A 
120 million
Edges of retina (periphery)
Low intensity light
Black and white
Poor visual acuity
3 to one sensory neurone (convergence)
Rhodopsin pigment broken down > generator potential (pooled)
34
Q

Rhodopsin Pigment

A

Rod Cells

Broken Down > Generator potential (pooled)

35
Q

Cone Cells

A 
6 million
Densely packed
Middle of retina (fovea)
High intensity light
Colour
High visual accuracy
1 to 1 bipolar cell/sensory neurone (low convergence)
Three types - wave length ranges
Iodopsin pigment broken down > generator potential
36
Q

Iodopsin Pigment

A

Cone Cells

broken down > generator potential

37
Q

Heart Rate Control

A 
Sinoatricular node
Cardiovascular centre
Sympathetic and Vagus Nerve
Pressure receptors
Chemoreceptors
38
Q

Sinoatricular Node

A

Wall of right atrium (electrical impulse wave across atrias > contract > heart beat)
Pace maker - determines heart rate

39
Q

Cardiovascular centre

A

Brain
Medulla oblongata
Increase/decrease heart rate

40
Q

Sympathetic Nerve

A

Cardiovascular centre > SAN
Autonomic nervous system
Antagonistic effects
Via spinal cord

41
Q

Vagus nerve

A 
Parasympathetic
Cardiovascular centre > SAN
Autonomic nervous system
Antagonistic effects
Not via spinal cord
42
Q

Pressure Receptors

A 
Baroreceptors
Carotid artery
Walls of heart
High - centre to decrease
Low - centre to increase
43
Q

Chemoreceptors

A

Carotid artery body
Aorta
Heart walls
Medulla Oblongata

44
Q

Increase heart rate

A

SAN > Sympathetic NS, Cardiovascular centre

45
Q

Decrease heart rate

A

SAN > Parasympathetic NS, Cardiovascular centre

46
Q

Increased activity/exercise

A

More CO2, pH lowered
Chemoreceptors>increase impulses to C Centre> Sympathetic NS> + heart rate > SAN increase rate
More CO2 exhaled> conc decreases

47
Q

Cardiac output

A

Heart rate x stroke volume

Biology (25 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions