Transitition metals: sub reactions

Question 1

What is a sub reaction?

Answer 1

= show ligands of similar size being exchanged
=shows ligands of different sizes being exchanged
= diffeewnt strength- multidenate ligands forms complexes more stable and hard t reverse

Question 2

What is the partial sub of copper?

Answer 2

[Cu(H2O)6]2+ + 4Nh3 => [Cu(NH3)4(H2O)2]2+ + 4H2o
reacts with excess ammonia
= this forms a deep blue solution

Question 3

How does entropy affect sub?

Answer 3

= in ligand exchange, bonds are broken in the origianl complex, amd new ones formed n to make new complex
= energy needed to break the bonds, is similar to energy released when new ones are ffmed, enthalpy change is small

Question 4

What happens with sub with ammonia and water?

Answer 4

= ammonia and water are similar sized ligands, and same charges so complex remains

Question 5

What happens with the reaction of cl- ions and H2o or Nh3?

Answer 5

= cl is a bigger ligand
= only 4cl- ligands can fit around, so change in shape and coordination number so change in complex
= these tend to be tetrahderal shape
= changes coordination number from 6 to 4 so there is a diffetrnt shape

Question 6

What happens with ligands that are much stronger?

Answer 6

= CN- ions are much stronger bonds than H2o so it is not easily reversed
= and more stable
= sa,e with multidentate ligands, more stable