period 3.

Question 1

steadWhy is sodium more reacting than magnesium?

Answer 1

= lower ionisation energy
= energy required to remove an electron from sodium is lower than magnesium, more energy needed for mg to react

Question 2

What happens when sodium reacts with cold water?

Answer 2

= vigourously
= ball + fizzing
= gas produced is h2
= NaOh

Question 3

what happens when mag nesiym reacts with cold water?

Answer 3

= slowly
= weak alkaline solution of mg(Oh)2, sparingly soluable, little oh- ions
reacts faster with steam, forming magnesium oxide, MgO

Question 4

What happens when period 3 elements react with oxygen?

Answer 4

= oxides

Question 5

What is formula for sodium oxide?

Answer 5

= Na2O
= na +1
= O 2-
= reacts fast with air

Question 6

What is formula for magnesium oxide?

Answer 6

= MgO
mg2+
O2-
= very fast

Question 7

What is the formula for alluminium oixde?

Answer 7

Al2O3
Al 3+
O-2
= slow (fast if powdered)

Question 8

What is the formula of silicon dioixde?

Answer 8

SiO2
= slow

Question 9

What is the reaction for phosphorous and oxygen?

Answer 9

= p4 + 5o2 => p4O10
= spontaneously combusts

Question 10

What happens when sulfur reacts with oxygen?

Answer 10

S + O2 => So2
= oxidation number of +4
= with higher teperayire and ctaalyst So3 can be made, +6
= steadily burns

Question 11

Why does Na2O MgO and Al2O3 have high melting points?

Answer 11

= forms solid ionic lattices, there are strong electrostatic forces of attraction between oppositley charged ions
= mgO has a higher boiling and melting point, as it forms a 2+ ions, therefore, attracted more strongly to oxygen

Question 12

Why does Al2o3 have a lower melting point?

Answer 12

= Al3+ ion distorts electron cloud of oxygen, this means there is some polarisation, there is some covalent character, pulls the electrons from the oxygen to itself, less energy is required to break the bonds

Question 13

Why does sio2 have a large melting and boiling point?

Answer 13

= sio2 is a large macromilecular structyre, htere are many covalent bonds, these are strong andrequire a great deal of energy to break,

Question 14

Why is p4o2 and so2 have low melting anf boiling points?

Answer 14

= form simple molecular structures, weaker intermolecular forces (vanderwall forces) between the molecules, therefore requires little energy to break

Question 15

What happens when ionic oxides are added to water?

Answer 15

= forms alkaline solutions
= contain o2- ions, this is a proton acceptor from water molecules when dissolved,
= oxide + water forms a hydroxide
=

Question 16

What happens with sodium hydroxide dissolves in water?

Answer 16

= dissolves in water
= has a high Ph

Question 17

How does magnesium oxide dissolves ?

Answer 17

= sparingly in water
= alkaline solution is not strong
= lower ph

Question 18

What happens when simple covalent oxides are added to water?

Answer 18

= forms acidic solution when added to water
= forms acid with a low Ph

Question 19

What happens when p4o10 reacts with water?

Answer 19

p4O10 + 6H2o => 4H3Po4
H3Po4 => 3h+ + Po4 2-

Question 20

What happens when so2 reacts wth water?

Answer 20

So2 + h2O => h2So3
H2So3 => 2H+ + So32-

Question 21

What happens when so3 reacts with water?

Answer 21

= So3 + h2o => H2So4
= H2So4 => 2H+ + So42-

Question 22

What happens when silicon dioxide reacts with water?

Answer 22

= giant covalent sturctures, which have may strong covalent bonds, large amounrs of energy to break, so is insoluble,
= it will reacy with a base to form a salr, so it is an acid

Question 23

What happebs when allimnium oxide reacts with watr?

Answer 23

= amphoteric
= has covalent and ionic characterm insoluable in water, however will react with acid and bases

Question 24

What happens when SiO2 reacts with NaOH?

Answer 24

2NaOH with SiO2
forms Na2SiO3 and water

Question 25

What happens if P4O10 reacts with NaoH?

Answer 25

= 12NaOH reacts with p4O10
= produces 4 Na3PO4 and 6 water

Question 26

What happens if So2 reacts with NaOH?

Answer 26

2NaOH racts with So2 forms Na2So3 and water

Question 27

What happens when you react NaOH and so3?

Answer 27

2NaOh + So3 forms Na2So4 and water

Question 28

What happens when NaOh reacts with Al2O3

Answer 28

= 2NaOH reacts with Al2O3 and water to form 2NaAl(OH)4

Question 29

What happens when Al2O3 reacts with sulfuroc acid?

Answer 29

= 3 sulfuroc acid molecules, and allumnoum oixde
= Al2(So4)3 and 3 water molecules.