Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Phys Agents > Traction > Flashcards

Traction Flashcards

1
Q

What is the history of traction in Egypt 3000 BC

A

Axial traction for the reduction of spinal fractures

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is the history of traction by hippocrates 776 BC

A

Treatment of back pain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Who used hippocrates traction for low back pain treatment (3)

A
  1. Galen
  2. Avicenna
  3. Pare
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What did W. Gayle Crutchfield do for traction in 1933

A

Cranial tongs for treatment of cervical spine injuries

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What did James Cyriax use traction for in the 1950s

A

Small nuclear protrusions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is the definition of joint distraction

A

Separation of two joint surfaces perpendicular to the plane of the articulation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

True or False:
For joint distraction to occur the force applied must be great enough to cause soft tissue elongation around the joint to allow for joint surfaces to distract

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What percent of the body weight is needed to increase the length of the L-spine

A

25%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What percent of the body weight is needed to distract zygapophyseal joints in the L-spine

A

50%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What percent of the body weight is needed to increase the length of the C-spine

A

7%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

How much separation occurs in the C-spine due to 25 lbs of traction

A

2-20 mm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Is the separation long lasting or short lived

A

Short lived

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What did Krause et al determine about the effects of 60-120 lbs of lumbar traction

A

It can reduce disc prolapse and cause retraction of herniated disc material

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What did Onel et al determine about the percent of herniated nucleus pulposus that retracted during traction for median, posterolateral, and lateral protrusions

A

Median: 78.5%
Posterolateral: 66.6%
Lateral: 57.1%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What does AB equal in the disc herniation index

A

Maximum AP disc length

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What does CD equal in the disc herniation index

A

Width of the herniated disc at mid AB distance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What does EF equal in the disc herniation index

A

Maximum canal length

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What does GH equal in the disc herniation index

A

Width of the spinal canal at mid AB distance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What is the equation for herniation index

A

(ABxCD)/(EFxGH)x1000

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What did Worden et al determine about the process of stretching soft tissue with traction

A

It is the same as stretching and soft tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What did Mathews determine about traction causing muscle relaxation

A

Muscles relaxed due to reduction in the pressure on pain sensitive structures

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What type of traction is the depression of monosynaptic response due to prolonged stretch

A

Static traction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What type of traction is the stimulation of GTOs to inhibit alpha motor neurons

A

Intermittent traction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What did Saunders determine about the percent of the body weight required to move joints in the spine

A

50%

25
Q

True or False:

Lower forces of traction may reduce pain by stimulation of mechanoreceptor (spinal gate)

A

True

26
Q

How does the patient get relief from traction (9)

A
  1. Increasing space between vertebrae
  2. Separating apophyseal joints
  3. Widening of intervertebral foramina
  4. Stretching muscles and ligaments
  5. Reducing muscle spasm
  6. Changing intervertebral disc pressure
  7. Tensing PLL to exert force on disc
  8. Creating suction force on disc
  9. Flattening abnormal lumbar lordosis
27
Q

How does traction effect bone

A

Increase the movement between vertebrae

28
Q

How does traction effect ligaments

A

Tensile loads ligaments

29
Q

How does traction effect articular facet joints (3)

A
  1. Increases separation
  2. Decreases compression loading
  3. Allows synovial fluid exchange
30
Q

How does traction effect muscles (2)

A
  1. Lengthens tight muscles

2. Activates proprioceptors

31
Q

How does traction effect nerves

A

Decompression

32
Q

What are the indications for traction (12)

A
  1. Reduce disc herniation
  2. Nerve root impingement
  3. Joint hypomobility
  4. Subacute inflammation
  5. Paraspinal muscle spasm
  6. Adhesions
  7. Muscle spasm
  8. Foraminal stenosis
  9. Contracted CT
  10. Apophyseal joint impingement
  11. Radiating pain that doesn’t respon to repeated movements
  12. Reduce low back pain
33
Q

The DRX9000 spinal decompression machine claims to have a success rate of what for patients with LBP

A

86%

34
Q

What are possible causes of nerve root impingement (6)

A
  1. Disc
  2. Ligament encroachment
  3. Narrowing of intervertebral forament
  4. Osteophyte encroachment
  5. Nerve root swelling
  6. Spondylolisthesis
35
Q

What does traction of a hypomobile joint allow for

A

The ability to glide and distract spinal joints

36
Q

What are the contraindications of traction (17)

A
  1. Places that motion is contraindicated
  2. With acute injury or inflammation
  3. Joint hypermobility or instability
  4. Peripheralization of symptoms with traction
  5. Uncontrolled hypertension
  6. Malignancy
  7. Infectious spinal diseases
  8. RA
  9. Spinal cord compression
  10. Osteoporosis
  11. Cardiovascular disease
  12. Aortic aneurysm
  13. Severe respiratory disease
  14. Pregnancy
  15. Hiatal hernia
  16. Abdominal hernia
  17. Active peptic ulcers
37
Q

What are the precautions of traction (10)

A
  1. Structural diseases
  2. When pressure from belts may be hazardous
  3. Displacement of annular fragment
  4. Medial disc protrusion
  5. Severe pain fully relieved by traction
  6. Claustrophobia
  7. Patient can’t tolerate prone or supine position
  8. Disorientation
  9. TMJ problems
  10. Dentures
38
Q

What is inversion traction

A

Using the body weight to provide distraction force

39
Q

When was inversion traction popular

A

10-20 years ago

40
Q

Why did inversion traction lose popularity

A

Potential increase in systolic and diastolic BP and ophthalamic artery pressure

41
Q

What are the 2 types of mechanical traction

A
  1. Static

2. Intermittent

42
Q

What is static mechanical traction used for (3)

A
  1. Irritable conditions
  2. Inflammation
  3. Disc protrusions
43
Q

What is intermittent mechanical traction used for (2)

A
  1. Joint dysfunctions

2. Mobilization effect

44
Q

What are the application techniques of traction (10)

A
  1. Inversion traction
  2. Auto traction
  3. Mechanical traction
  4. Electric traction
  5. Weighted traction
  6. Hydraulic traction
  7. Self traction
  8. Unilateral lumbar traction
  9. Positional traction
  10. Manual traction
45
Q

When is supine hook lying position of the patient during mechanical spinal traction the most optimal position (2)

A
  1. General joint hypomobility

2. Spinal stenosis

46
Q

When is prone position of the patient during mechanical spinal traction the most optimal position (1)

A
  1. Disc conditions
47
Q

When is unilateral lumbar traction done

A

For unilateral symptoms

48
Q

What is the definition of positional traction

A

Placing a patient in a position for a prolonged period of time so as to decompress target tissue

49
Q

What is the definition of manual traction

A

The application of force by the therapist so as to distract the target tissue

50
Q

How much flexion should the C-spine be placed in during mechanical traction while supine

A

20-30

51
Q

How much flexion should the C-spine be placed in during mechanical traction while supine if you are treating the AO or AA joint

A

0 degrees of flexion

52
Q

What are the 2 types of manual traction

A
  1. Towel traction

2. Conventional manual traction

53
Q

What is the definition of self traction

A

The use of gravity or the weight of the body to exert a distraction force on the spine

54
Q

What were the clinical prediction rule variables that Raney et al determined for cervical traction for mechanical neck pain (5)

A
  1. 55 years old and up
  2. Positive shoulder abduction test
  3. Positive ULNT A (Elvy’s test)
  4. Symptoms peripheralize with PACVP of C4-C7
  5. Positive neck distraction test
55
Q

What is considered a quality score for Raney et al’s clinical prediction rule

A

67%

56
Q

How many of the clinical prediction rules are required for cervical traction to be indicated

A

3 or more

57
Q

What does the clinical prediction rule yield for a LR

A

+ 4.8

58
Q

What does a + 4.8 LR yield

A

A small to moderate shift in probability

Phys Agents (19 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions