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Phys Agents > Energy > Flashcards

Energy Flashcards

1
Q

What is an electrophysical agent

A

A form of therapy used to produce a change in soft tissue through the addition or removal of energy

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2
Q

When is energy added to the body

A

When the temperature of the modality is above the core body temp

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3
Q

When is energy removed from the body

A

When the temperature of the modality is below the core body temp

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4
Q

What is energy

A

The capacity of a system for doing work

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5
Q

What is radiant energy

A

Process by which energy of various forms travels through space

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6
Q

What substances emit radiant energy

A

All substances above absolute zero (-273)

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7
Q

What is the constant velocity of radiant energy

A

3x10to8 m/sec2

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8
Q

What does quantum theory view radiant energy as

A

Packet of energy that is indivisible (photon)

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9
Q

How is a photon produced

A

By high velocity electronic or molecular motion or transformed kinetic energy released when molecules collide

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10
Q

What is the equation for energy

A

E=Hxf

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11
Q

What is H

A

Planck’s constant

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12
Q

What happens when the frequency increases

A

The energy increases

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13
Q

What is the electromagnetic wave theory

A

Energy is transmitted by oscillatory motion in the form of electromagnetic waves

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14
Q

What makes up the electromagnetic waves

A

electric and magnetic fields that vary over time and are perpendicular to each other

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15
Q

True or False:

Electromagnetic waves can propagate without a medium (in a vacuum)

A

True

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16
Q

How do you determine the velocity of a wave

A

V=wavelength*frequency

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17
Q

What does a shorter wavelength mean

A

higher frequency

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18
Q

What does quantum theory state if the frequency is low

A

Energy is low

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19
Q

What does electromagnetic theory state is frequency is low

A

Wavelength is long

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20
Q

True or False:

Modalities at low electromagnetic frequencies have long wave lengths and low energy are safe to use

A

True

21
Q

True or False:

Lower frequency electromagnetic radiation is nonionizing

A

True

22
Q

What does nonionizing mean

A

Cannot break molecular bonds or produce ions

23
Q

True or False:

Ionizing energies are destructive

A

True

24
Q

What are the 5 laws governing the effects of electromagnetic radiation

A
  1. Arndt-schultz principle
  2. Law of Grotthus-Draper
  3. Cosine Law
  4. Inverse Square Law
  5. Bunsen Roscoe Law of Reciprocity
25
Q

What is Arndt-Schultz principle

A

In order for a reaction to occur you must impart enough energy

26
Q

What can happen if too much energy is imparted

A

Impairment of normal tissue function may occur

27
Q

What is the Law of Grotthus-Draper

A

If the energy is not absorbed by the superficial tissue it will penetrate to deeper tissues

28
Q

What have greater depth of penetration when it comes to sound waves high or low frequency

A

Low frequency

29
Q

What is Cosine Law

A

The maximum amount of absorption of radiant energy occurs when the source is at right angles to the absorbing surface

30
Q

What is the inverse square law

A

The intensity of radiation striking the surface varies inversely with the square of the distance from the source

31
Q

What is the Bunsen Roscoe Law of Reciprocity

A

The intensity and duration of the dose of radiant energy are inversely proportional

32
Q

What is the equation for the Bunsen Roscoe Law of Reciprocity

A

Energy=intensity*time

33
Q

True or False:

The greater the temperature differential the quicker the transfer of energy

A

True

34
Q

How do you increase the amount of energy absorbed by the patient (4)

A
  1. Increase treatment time
  2. Increase treatment intensity
  3. Lessen the distance of the source of energy
    4 Make the source of energy more perpendicular to the absorbing surface
35
Q

What is iontophoresis

A

Use of electric currents to push medicine through the skin

36
Q

What is the frequencies of ultrasound

A

Above 20KHz

37
Q

What is the therapeutic range for ultrasound

A

.75-3.3MHz

38
Q

What is phonophoresis

A

Use of sound waves to push medicine through the skin

39
Q

What are the 3 categories of physical agents (3)

A
  1. Thermal
  2. Mechanical
  3. Electromagnetic
40
Q

What are 3 thermal physical agents

A
  1. Deep heating
  2. Superficial heating
  3. Cooling
41
Q

What is an example of deep heating, superficial heating, and cooling

A
  1. Diathermy
  2. Hot pack
  3. Ice massage
42
Q

What are 4 mechanical physical agents

A
  1. Traction
  2. Compression
  3. Water
  4. Sound
43
Q

What is an example of traction, compression, water, and sound

A
  1. Mechanical
  2. Elastic bandage
  3. Whirlpool
  4. Ultrasound
44
Q

What are 2 electromagnetic physical agents

A
  1. Electric currents

2 Electromagnetic fields

45
Q

What is an example of electric currents and electromagnetic fields

A
  1. Interferential

2. Ultraviolet

46
Q

What is a precaution

A

Conditions where a particular physical agent should be applied with care or limitations

47
Q

What is a contraindication

A

Conditions where the application of a particular physical agent is unsafe or undesirable

48
Q

What are 5 general contraindications and precautions

A
  1. Pregnancy
  2. Malignancy
  3. Pacemaker
  4. Impaired sensation
  5. Impaired mental status

Phys Agents (19 decks)

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