Energy

Question 1

What is an electrophysical agent

Answer 1

A form of therapy used to produce a change in soft tissue through the addition or removal of energy

Question 2

When is energy added to the body

Answer 2

When the temperature of the modality is above the core body temp

Question 3

When is energy removed from the body

Answer 3

When the temperature of the modality is below the core body temp

Question 4

What is energy

Answer 4

The capacity of a system for doing work

Question 5

What is radiant energy

Answer 5

Process by which energy of various forms travels through space

Question 6

What substances emit radiant energy

Answer 6

All substances above absolute zero (-273)

Question 7

What is the constant velocity of radiant energy

Answer 7

3x10to8 m/sec2

Question 8

What does quantum theory view radiant energy as

Answer 8

Packet of energy that is indivisible (photon)

Question 9

How is a photon produced

Answer 9

By high velocity electronic or molecular motion or transformed kinetic energy released when molecules collide

Question 10

What is the equation for energy

Answer 10

E=Hxf

Question 11

What is H

Answer 11

Planck’s constant

Question 12

What happens when the frequency increases

Answer 12

The energy increases

Question 13

What is the electromagnetic wave theory

Answer 13

Energy is transmitted by oscillatory motion in the form of electromagnetic waves

Question 14

What makes up the electromagnetic waves

Answer 14

electric and magnetic fields that vary over time and are perpendicular to each other

Question 15

True or False:

Electromagnetic waves can propagate without a medium (in a vacuum)

Answer 15

True

Question 16

How do you determine the velocity of a wave

Answer 16

V=wavelength*frequency

Question 17

What does a shorter wavelength mean

Answer 17

higher frequency

Question 18

What does quantum theory state if the frequency is low

Answer 18

Energy is low

Question 19

What does electromagnetic theory state is frequency is low

Answer 19

Wavelength is long

Question 20

True or False:

Modalities at low electromagnetic frequencies have long wave lengths and low energy are safe to use

Answer 20

True

Question 21

True or False:

Lower frequency electromagnetic radiation is nonionizing

Answer 21

True

Question 22

What does nonionizing mean

Answer 22

Cannot break molecular bonds or produce ions

Question 23

True or False:

Ionizing energies are destructive

Answer 23

True

Question 24

What are the 5 laws governing the effects of electromagnetic radiation

Answer 24

1. Arndt-schultz principle
2. Law of Grotthus-Draper
3. Cosine Law
4. Inverse Square Law
5. Bunsen Roscoe Law of Reciprocity

Question 25

What is Arndt-Schultz principle

Answer 25

In order for a reaction to occur you must impart enough energy

Question 26

What can happen if too much energy is imparted

Answer 26

Impairment of normal tissue function may occur

Question 27

What is the Law of Grotthus-Draper

Answer 27

If the energy is not absorbed by the superficial tissue it will penetrate to deeper tissues

Question 28

What have greater depth of penetration when it comes to sound waves high or low frequency

Answer 28

Low frequency

Question 29

What is Cosine Law

Answer 29

The maximum amount of absorption of radiant energy occurs when the source is at right angles to the absorbing surface

Question 30

What is the inverse square law

Answer 30

The intensity of radiation striking the surface varies inversely with the square of the distance from the source

Question 31

What is the Bunsen Roscoe Law of Reciprocity

Answer 31

The intensity and duration of the dose of radiant energy are inversely proportional

Question 32

What is the equation for the Bunsen Roscoe Law of Reciprocity

Answer 32

Energy=intensity*time

Question 33

True or False: | The greater the temperature differential the quicker the transfer of energy

Answer 33

True

Question 34

How do you increase the amount of energy absorbed by the patient (4)

Answer 34

1. Increase treatment time 2. Increase treatment intensity 3. Lessen the distance of the source of energy 4 Make the source of energy more perpendicular to the absorbing surface

Question 35

What is iontophoresis

Answer 35

Use of electric currents to push medicine through the skin

Question 36

What is the frequencies of ultrasound

Answer 36

Above 20KHz

Question 37

What is the therapeutic range for ultrasound

Answer 37

.75-3.3MHz

Question 38

What is phonophoresis

Answer 38

Use of sound waves to push medicine through the skin

Question 39

What are the 3 categories of physical agents (3)

Answer 39

1. Thermal 2. Mechanical 3. Electromagnetic

Question 40

What are 3 thermal physical agents

Answer 40

1. Deep heating 2. Superficial heating 3. Cooling

Question 41

What is an example of deep heating, superficial heating, and cooling

Answer 41

1. Diathermy 2. Hot pack 3. Ice massage

Question 42

What are 4 mechanical physical agents

Answer 42

1. Traction 2. Compression 3. Water 4. Sound

Question 43

What is an example of traction, compression, water, and sound

Answer 43

1. Mechanical 2. Elastic bandage 3. Whirlpool 4. Ultrasound

Question 44

What are 2 electromagnetic physical agents

Answer 44

1. Electric currents | 2 Electromagnetic fields

Question 45

What is an example of electric currents and electromagnetic fields

Answer 45

1. Interferential | 2. Ultraviolet

Question 46

What is a precaution

Answer 46

Conditions where a particular physical agent should be applied with care or limitations

Question 47

What is a contraindication

Answer 47

Conditions where the application of a particular physical agent is unsafe or undesirable

Question 48

What are 5 general contraindications and precautions

Answer 48

1. Pregnancy 2. Malignancy 3. Pacemaker 4. Impaired sensation 5. Impaired mental status