Soft Tissue Mobilization Flashcards
CT is considered what type of substance
Colloidal
What is heat or pressure that changes ground substance from a dense gel to o more liquid state
Thixotropy
What is the piezoelectric effect
The ability of an object to produce a voltage after a mechanical compression stress
True or False:
Piezo electricity exists in crystals
True
What does CT behave as in the piezoelectric model
A crystal
What influences fibroblast and fibroclast activity
Charge
What is the ability of a substance to resist flow
Viscosity
What is the ability of a substance to rebound from deformation
Elasticity
What is the region that represents “setting” of the structure being tested including taking up slack
Toe region
Which zone does the deformation usually result in permanent deformation
Plastic zone
Which zone is deformation reversible
Elastic zone
What is the point of the stress strain curve called where after attaining ultimate stress, the tissue begins to fail
Neck
What is the point of the stress strain curve where sudden decrease in stress while strain continues to rise
Failure point
What is happening at the neck point of the stress strain curve
Initially microfailure and tissues narrow (necking)
What does the sudden decrease at the failure point mean
Substance of the material has begun to fail (tear)
What is the stress being lower during unloading for any given strain that occurs during loading
Discrepancy
What ia the difference in strain between loading and unloading called
Hysteresis
What does hysteresis represent
Energy lost during the test
True or False:
After repeated loading the stress strain curve looks identical yet starts at a new point
True
What is creep
Applying a constant load to a structure to lengthen it
How do you achieve a greater length increase in tissue using creep
Longer duration and less load
How is energy lost in a hysteresis loop
In the form of heat
What will cause a stiffer substance with higher loading rates to fail
Higher stresses and lower strains
What will cause a less stiff substance at higher temperatures to fail
Lower stresses and higher strains
Does heating tissue make it easier or harder to induce plastic elongation
Easier
What is the response of myofascial tissue to immobilization
Loss of ground substance
What are the 3 things that cause ground substance to be lost
- Loss of glycosaminoglycans and water
- Loss of interfiber lubrication
- Loss of interfiber distance
What does the loss of ground substance result in
New crosslinks that adhere adjacent collagen fibers together
What is the half life of collagen
300-500 days
What is the half life of ground substance
1.7-7 days
What does nontraumatized CT damage result in
Fibrosis
What does traumatized CT damage result in
Scar tissue formation and contracture
What did Threlkeld determine
Permanent elongation of collagen fibers requires a force to achieve 3-8% fiber elongation
How long does it take for elongation without fiber tearing of 1-1.5% to occur
60 minutes
Where are type Ia muscle spindles located
Within muscle parallel to muscle fibers
Where are type Ib golgi receptors located (4)
- Myotendinous junctions
- Attachment sites of aponeurosis
- Ligaments of peripheral joints
- Joint capsules
Where are type II pacini and paciniform receptors located (3)
- Myotendonous junctions
- Deep layers of joint capsule
- Spinal ligaments
Where are type II ruffini receptors located (3)
- Ligaments of peripheral joints
- Dura mater
- Outer layers of joint capsules
What do type Ia muscle spindles respond to
Muscle stretch
What do type Ib GTO and GEO respond to
GTO: Muscular contraction
GEO: To strong stretch only
What do type II pacini and paciniforms respond to
Rapid pressure changes and vibrations
What do type II ruffinis respond to (3)
- Rapid pressure
- Sustained pressure
- Tangential forces (lateral stretches)