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Phys Agents > Cryotherapy > Flashcards

Cryotherapy Flashcards

1
Q

What is cryotherapy used for in rehab settings (6)

A
  1. Control inflammation
  2. Control pain
  3. Control edema
  4. Reduce spasticity
  5. Control symptoms of MS
  6. Facilitate movement
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2
Q

What body systems does cryotherapy exert an effect on (3)

A
  1. Hemodynamic
  2. Neuromuscular
  3. Metabolic
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3
Q

What does cryotherapy cause in the hemodynamic system

A

Immediate vasoconstriction of blood vessels which causes a decrease in blood flow

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4
Q

How does cryotherapy cause vasoconstriction (4)

A
  1. Increases blood viscosity
  2. Decreases release of histamine and prostaglandins
  3. Smooth muscle contractions
  4. Increases sympathetic adrenergic activity
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5
Q

True or False:

Blood flow will increase when cryotherapy is applied eventually

A

True

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6
Q

Why does blood flow eventually increase

A

Due to vasodilation caused by the body trying to increase the temperature of the tissue to prevent death of the area

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7
Q

What is erythema

A

Reddening of the skin secondary to cold application

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8
Q

What causes erythema

A

Increase in oxyhemoglobin concentration in the blood

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9
Q

Which way does cryotherapy cause the oxygen hemoglobin dissociation curve to move

A

To the left

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10
Q

What are the 4 stages of cold

A

CBAN

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11
Q

What does CBAN stand for

A

Cold (intense)
Burning
Aching
Numbness

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12
Q

What does cryotherapy do to nerve conduction

A

Decreases nerve conduction velocity

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13
Q

How long does it take 5 minutes of cooling to be reversed

A

15 minutes

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14
Q

How long does it take 20 minutes of cooling to be reversed

A

30 minutes or more

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15
Q

Which type of fibers are most affected by cryotherapy

A

Myelinated and small diameter fibers

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16
Q

Which type of fibers are least affected by cryotherapy

A

Unmyelinated and large diameter fibers

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17
Q

What are the effects of cryotherapy on the neuromuscular system (4)

A
  1. Decreased nerve conduction velocity
  2. Increased pain threshold
  3. Altered muscle strength
  4. Facilitation of muscle contraction
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18
Q

How does cryotherapy increase pain threshold (3)

A
  1. Counter irritant via gate control
  2. Sensory NCV inhibition
  3. Reduced muscle spasm
19
Q

True or False:

Isometric strength increases directly after 5 minutes of cooling

A

True

20
Q

What happens to isometric strength after 30 minutes of cooling

A

Initially strength is decreased but after an hour it starts to increase to greater than precooling strength

21
Q

How does cryotherapy decrease spasticity

A

Decreases gamma motor neuron, afferent spindle, and golgi tendon organ activity

22
Q

How long does it take cryotherapy to reduce spasticity

A

10-30 minutes of cooling

23
Q

How does brief application of cryotherapy facilitate muscle contraction

A

May stimulate alpha motor neurons in patients with upper motor neuron lesions for a few moments

24
Q

What is the effect of cryotherapy on the metabolic system

A

Decrease metabolic rate

25
Q

What does cryotherapy limit

A

Secondary injury

26
Q

How does cryotherapy reduce secondary injury (2)

A
  1. Metabolically

2. Chemically

27
Q

How does cryotherapy reduce secondary injury metabolically

A

Lowers the amount of oxygen needed to meet or be below that of the oxygen available which decreases metabolism

28
Q

How does cryotherapy reduce secondary injury chemically

A

Decreases permeability which prevents leakage of protein rich fluid into tissue

29
Q

What are indications for cryotherapy (7)

A
  1. Immediate care of musculoskeletal injuries
  2. Edema control
  3. Pain control
  4. Modification of spasticity
  5. Symptom management in MS
  6. Emergency care for small burns
  7. Limitations in ROM secondary to pain
30
Q

What are contraindictions for cryotherapy (9)

A
  1. Impaired circulation
  2. Cold hypersensitivity
  3. Raynuad’s disease
  4. Hypertension
  5. Over regeneration of peripheral nerve
  6. Paroxysmal cold hemoglobinuria
  7. Cryoglobulinemia
  8. Decreased cold sensitivity
  9. Open wound after 40-72 hours
31
Q

What is the maximum depth of penetration of cryotherapy

A

1 cm

32
Q

What is an ice pack

A

Crushed ice in leak proof container generally around 30 F

33
Q

What are commercial ice packs

A

Plastic filled with hydrated gel

34
Q

What temperature are commercial ice packs stored at

A

0-12 F for 30 minutes minimum

35
Q

What is more effective at lowering body temperature ice packs or commercial ice packs

A

Ice pack do to the phase change

36
Q

What is ice massage

A

Application of cold by rubbing ice over a part of the body

37
Q

What are cold baths/ice immersion

A

Placing a body part to be treated in water ranging from cold to icy temperature is varied

38
Q

For ice immersion what is considered cool temperature

A

67-80 F (19-27 C)

39
Q

For ice immersion what is considered cold temperature

A

55-67 F (13-19 C)

40
Q

For ice immersion what is considered very cold temperature

A

32-55 F (0-13 C)

41
Q

What are cryokinetics

A

Application of cryotherapy to a part so to numb the part prior to active exercise

42
Q

What does a patient need to be able to distinguish between with cryokinetics (3)

A
  1. Pre-existing pain
  2. Ice induced pain
  3. Exercise induced pain
43
Q

What is controlled cold compression

A

A nylon sleeve that connects via a tube to a one gallon cooler/jug in which cool water flows from cooler to sleeve

44
Q

What is the temperature of the water in controlled cold compression

A

50-77 F

Phys Agents (19 decks)

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