Topic 5 - 5.2 - Acids and Bases

Question 1

How can acidic solutions be formed?

Answer 1

When a soluble NON-metal oxide is dissolved in water.

Question 2

1. ____ non-metal oxides produce…
2. metal oxides produce…

Answer 2

1. …acids when dissolved in water.
2. …alkalis when dissolved in water

Question 3

Describe the ratio of H+ ions and OH- ions in
* alkalis
* acids

Answer 3

• Alkalis = greater concentration of hydroxide ions compared to hydrogen ions.
• Acids = greater concentration of hydrogen ions compared to hydroxide ions.

Question 4

An acid is diluted in water. What will happen to the ion concentration and the pH of the solution?

Answer 4

Concentration of H+ ions is decreased, pH increases towards 7.

Question 5

Define a base

Answer 5

A substance that can neutralise acids by reacting with the H+ ions.

Question 6

An alkali is diluted in water. What will happen to the ion concentration and the pH of the solution?

Answer 6

Concentration of OH- ions is decreased, pH decreases towards 7.

Question 7

Are acidic and alkaline solutions able to conduct electricity? Explain your answer

Answer 7

Yes, because they have ions that are free to carry charge.

Question 8

The more concentrated an acid or alkali…

Answer 8

…the better it conducts.

Question 9

Define an alkali

Answer 9

Any base substance that dissolves in water to produce OH- (hydroxide) ions and neutralise acids.

Question 10

Define an acid

Answer 10

Substance that produces hydrogen ions, H+(aq), when dissolved in water

Question 11

Describe the bonding in:
* Acids
* Alkalis

Answer 11

• Acids - Covalent
• Alkalis - Ionic

Question 12

In the reaction with metals, what happens to the hydrogen ions from the acid?

Answer 12

The H+ ions react to make H2 gas

Question 13

Definition of a salt?

Answer 13

Hydrogen ions in the acid have been replaced with metal ion/s or ammonium ion/s