Topic 34 - Examination of the oral cavity and the pharynx. The findings of the oral examination in healthy animals.

Question 1

Steps of examination or oral cavity:

Answer 1

Outer part: Lips, chewing, musculature, facial bones

Inner part: Cheeks, MM, gum, teeth, tongue, hard and soft palate, pharynx, tonsils, salivary glands and salivation

Question 2

When examining the teeth, which parameters do we examine?

Answer 2

Number
Shape
Size
Colour
Surface
Consistency
Pain
Movability

Question 3

How many teeth does a dog have?

Answer 3

3 incisors
1 canine
4 premolars
2 molars in upper jaw
3 molars in lower jaw

Question 4

How many teeth does a cat have?

Answer 4

3 incisors
1 canine
3premolars in upper jaw
2 premolars in lower jaw
1 molar

Question 5

When examining the gum, which parameters do we examine?

Answer 5

Colour
Surface intactnes
Moisture

Question 6

When examining the salivary glands, which parameters do we examine?

Answer 6

Size
Colour
Surface

Question 7

What can you see?

Answer 7

Distemper

Question 8

Normal lips:

Answer 8

intact

Question 9

Normal chewing:

Answer 9

Keeping the food

Question 10

Normal musculature:

Answer 10

No atrophy

Question 11

Normal facial bones:

Answer 11

No observed abnormalities

Question 12

Normal cheeks:

Answer 12

Intact

Question 13

Normal Mucous Membranes:

Answer 13

Light pink
Smooth
Shiny
Intact
Moist
Blood vessels are slightly visible
CRT is less than 2

Question 14

Normal gums;

Answer 14

Light pink, pigmented
Smooth
Moist
Intact

Question 15

Normal tongue;

Answer 15

Normal shape and size
Smooth, intact surface
Easily movable

Question 16

Normal soft and hard palate:

Answer 16

Intact
Moist
Smooth

Question 17

Normal salivary glands:

Answer 17

Cherry sized
Normal colour
Intact surface

Question 18

Abnormalities found in the oral cavity:

Answer 18

1. Uremia and ulcers
2. Distemper
3. Teeth stones
4. Foreign object
5. Tonsillitis
6. Plaque on teeth

Question 19

what can you see?

Answer 19

Tonsillitis

Question 20

what can you see?

Answer 20

Stomatitis (FeLV)

Question 21

How to examine the oral cavity of a dog:

Answer 21

Press down the base of the tongue, the tonsils are hidden by the semilunar folds - only visible if enlarged

Question 22

How to examine oral cavity in cats:

Answer 22

Cannot see pharynx and tonsils without sedation, impossible to pull the tongue out