Topic 10 - Secondary skin lesions. Flashcards
Definition of secondary skin lesion:
They develop from primary lesions or are artifacts induced by the patients or by external factors such as trauma and medications
Name secondary lesions:
- epidermal collarette
- Scar
- excoriation
- erosion, ulcer
- fissure, chap
- lichenification
- callus
- necrosis
Name lesions that can be both primary and secondary:
- Alopecia
- Scale
- Crust
- Follicular casts
- Comedo
- Pigmentary abnormalities
Definition of epidermal collarette:
It represents the remnants of the roof of a vesicle, bulla, pustule, or papule
Definition of excoriation:
A superficial defect, caused by scratching, biting or rubbing
Definition of erosion:
a shallow epidermal defect that does not penetrate the basal laminar zone and consequently heals without
scarring. It generally results from epidermal diseases.
Definition of ulcer;
Deep defect, break in the epidermis.
It is important to note the structure of the edge: Is it undermined, fibrotic and thickened, or necrotic.
A scar is often left after an ulcer heals
Defintion of scar:
Fibrous tissue replacement.
Remnant of trauma or dermatologic lesion
Definition of fissura:
Linear form with a deep effect
When does fissure occur?
They occur when the skin is thick and inelastic and then subjected to sudden swelling from inflammation or trauma, especially in region of frequent movement.
What does a fissure look like?
Fissures may be single or multiple tiny cracks or large clefts several centimeters long. They have sharply defined margins and may be dry or moist and straight, curved, or branching
Where can we typically find fissures?
Ear margins, and at ocular, nasal, oral, and
mucocutaneous borders
Definition of Lichenification:
Extensive thickening or hardening.
Lichenification areas often result from friction
Definition of callus:
A thickened, rough, hyperkeratotic, alopecic, often lichenified plaque that developes on the skin
What causes callus, and which areas are more prone?
Most commonly, calluses occur over bony prominences and result from pressure and chronic low-grade friction.
