Topic 32 - Examination of the anus, defecation and faeces. Characteristics of small bowel diarrhea and large bowel diarrhea

Question 1

Examination method for examination of the anus:

Answer 1

Inspection
Outer palpation
Rectal palpation
Rectoscopy

Question 2

Parameters to examine when checking defecation:

Answer 2

-position (posture)
-frequency
-pain, tenesmus, incontinence

Question 3

Parameters to examine when checking faeces:

Answer 3

1. Quantity
2. Quality (form ,color, smell, consistency, abnormal comp.)
3. Fecal digestion test

Question 4

Which parameters do we examine for FAECES when distinguishing the large and small bowel diarrhoea:

Answer 4

1. Stool volume
2. Mucous
3. Blood
4. Fat or undigested food

Question 5

Which parameters do we examine for DEFICATION when distinguishing the large and small bowel diarrhoea:

Answer 5

1. Tenesmus (pain)
2. Urgency
3. Frequency

Question 6

Which parameters do we examine for OTHER SIGNS when distinguishing the large and small bowel diarrhoea:

Answer 6

1. Vomiting
2. Gas
3. Weight loss

Question 7

Stool volume for small and large bowel diarrhoea:

Answer 7

Small: Large, watery
Large: Small, dense

Question 8

Mucus volume for small and large bowel diarrhoea:

Answer 8

Small: Rare
Large: Common

Question 9

Blood volume for small and large bowel diarrhoea:

Answer 9

Small: Melena
Large: Blood stripe (fresh)

Question 10

Fat or undigested volume for small and large bowel diarrhoea:

Answer 10

Small: Sometimes
Large: Absent

Question 11

Tenesmus for small and large bowel diarrhoea:

Answer 11

Small: rare
Large: Common

Question 12

Urgency of defecation in case of for small and large bowel diarrhoea:

Answer 12

Small: Uncommon
Large: Common

Question 13

Frequency of defecation in case of for small and large bowel diarrhoea:

Answer 13

Small: Less than 3
Large: More than 6

Question 14

Is vomiting present for small and large bowel diarrhoea:

Answer 14

Small: sometimes
Large: uncommon

Question 15

Is gas present for small and large bowel diarrhoea:

Answer 15

Small: Sometimes
Large: Absent

Question 16

Is weight loss present for small and large bowel diarrhoea:

Answer 16

Small: common
Large: rare

Question 17

What is melena?

Answer 17

Digested blood

Question 18

How can we determine the parameters of faeces?

Answer 18

We use a faecal scoring, from 1-7

Question 19

Describe faeces with scoring 1:

Answer 19

Hard and dry
Often expelled as individual pellets

Question 20

Describe faeces with scoring 2:

Answer 20

Firm, but not hard

Little to no residue left on the ground

Question 21

Describe faeces with scoring 3:

Answer 21

Log-like
Leaves residue, but holds form when picked up

Question 22

Describe faeces with scoring 4:

Answer 22

Very moist, soggy
Distinct log-like

Leaves residue, looses form when picked up

Question 23

Describe faeces with scoring 5:

Answer 23

Very moist, but has distinct shape

Leaves residue, looses form when picked up

Question 24

Describe faeces with scoring 6:

Answer 24

Has texture, but no defined shape

Question 25

Describe faeces with scoring 7:

Answer 25

Watery
No texture
Flat

Looks like a puddle