Topic 18: Endocrine System Flashcards
Endocrine System
ductless glands and endocrine tissues within other organ
secrete chemicals = hormones into blood
hormones
chemicals secreted by endocrine system
transported to target cells via circulation and act on target cells
target cell
cell with receptor specific for that hormone
list the different types of hormone classes
- steroids
- hormones derived from amino acids
- peptide and protein hormones
Steroids
synthesized from cholesterol (lipid soluble)
testosterone, estrogen, vitamin D
Hormones derived from amino acids:
e. g. derived from tyrosine
a) thyroxine/T4
b) epinephrine + norepinephrine (catecholamines
thyroxine/T4
a thyroid hormone
- lipid soluble
- controls cellular metabolism
epinephrine + norepinephrine (catecholamines)
fight or flight
- water soluble
- short term stress part of the fight-or-flight response
Peptide + Protein hormones
chains of amino acids
mainly water soluble
e.g. oxytocin, antidiuretic hormone (ADH) growth hormone, insulin
List the endocrine glands with no other function:
1) Pituitary gland
2) Thyroid gland
3)Parathyroid glands
Adrenal glands
Pituitary gland
suspended from hypothalamus in sella turcica of sphenoid bone
a) anterior pitutary
b) posterior pitutary
Anterior Pituitary
epithelial tissue
anterior pituitary hormone secretion regulated by hormones released by the hypothalamus
metabolism hormones:
FLAT PIG
List the metabolism hormones released by anterior pituitary
i. Growth Hormone
promotes growth or metabolism
ii.
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH)
stimulates secretion of thyroid
iiiAdrenocorticotropi Hormon (ACTH) stimulates secretion adrenal steroid
reproductive hormones:
i. Luteinizing Hormone (LH)
ii. Follicle Stimulating Hormone
iv. Prolactin(PRL)
