TOPIC 1: Introduction to Anatomy Flashcards
What is anatomy?
study of internal and external body structures
relationships between structures
e.g. bone and muscle
What are the subdivisions of anatomy?
- Gross anatomy
2. Microanatomy
Gross Anatomy
visible to the eye
large structures
don’t need microsccope to see them
e.g. bones
Microanatomy
microscope required
something small
can’t see with the naked eye
cytology
the study of internal structures of individual cells
cytologist
studies internal structures of individual cells
histology
is the study of tissues (groups of cells)
List the Levels of Organization (simple to complex)
1) Chemical level (basic level)
2) Cellular level
3) Tissue level
4) Organ level
5) Organ system level
6) Organism
Chemical level
(basic level)
atoms
e.g. Hydrogen (H) and Oxygen (O) atoms
atoms join to form molecules
e.g. H2O (water)
Cellular level
molecules form organelles which form cells
cell
are the basic unit of structure and function of the body
all cells contain chemicals, but the function of different types of cells may differ
e.g. red blood cells (rbc), neurons, muscle cells
Tissue level
a group of structurally similar cells with a common function
ex- blood
List the 4 major types of tissue
a. epithelial; cover body surface line tracts
b. connective
c. nervous; communication
d. muscle; contract
Organ level
2 or more tissues working together for a common function
e.g. stomach
is made up of all four major tissues
function is digestion
Organ system level
several related organs that work together to accomplish a common purpose
e.g. respiratory system
lungs, trachea, etc.
function is respiration
- TAKING LEVELS BELWO AND PUTTING THEM TOGETHER TO MAKE SOMETHING MORE COMPLEX
