Top 20 + equine

Question 1

Gasterophilus intestinalis ( presentation )
Bot Fly

Answer 1

• asymptomatic, mild gastritis, stomatitis and pain when in mouth

MC infections in late summer/ fall

eggs found on hair , larvae in feces

Question 2

Gasterophilus intestinalis (tx)

Answer 2

ivermectin, organophosphates

Question 3

Neonatal isoerythrolysis

presentation

Answer 3

• yellow mucus membranes
• icterus sclera
• occurs in foals less than 7 days
• born normal , but sick at 2-3 days old
• increased HR and RR

Question 4

Neonatal isoerythrolysis

prevention

Answer 4

• detect mares at risk
• if mare has antibodies to the foal’s RBC then give alternate source of colostrum and muzzle foals ( if early enough )
• can give washed maternal RBCs
• if past 24 hours, give plasma infusion

Question 5

Neonatal isoerythrolysis MC in who

Answer 5

• Multiparous mares

- mules are more likely due to the “donkey factor”

Question 6

Neonatal isoerythrolysis is what type of hyersensitivity

Answer 6

Type 2 hypersensitivity

Question 7

Neonatal isoerythrolysis

MC antigens

Answer 7

• Aa and Qq

Question 8

Combined immunodeficiency

Answer 8

• adenoviral pneumonia
• other secondary infections
• refractory to treatment
• dead by 2 months =(

Question 9

Combined immunodeficiency (Dx)

Answer 9

• lymphopenia
• no IgM
• Arabian with CS

Question 10

Combined immunodeficiency PX

Answer 10

GRAVE

• Fatal disease of Arabian foals ( most likely inherited ) –> combined ( B and T lymphocyte ) deficiency

Question 11

Equine infectious Anemia ( presentation )

Answer 11

• intermittent fever
• weight loss
• icterus
• acutely fatal hemolytic anemia
• periodic “ flare - ups “
• abortions

Question 12

Equine infectious Anemia (agent)

Answer 12

• retrovirus ( lifetime infection )

* * need a negative noggins before moving across state lines

Question 13

Equine infectious Anemia (Dx)

Answer 13

• Coggin’s - AGID +

Question 14

Equine infectious Anemia (Tx)

Answer 14

• euthanize positives
• no tx clears positive state
• isolation for life

Question 15

Equine infectious Anemia ( prevention )

Answer 15

• fly control ( blood sucking flies )
• remove foals from positive mares
• annual coggins test
• no vaccine

Question 16

Equine herpes virus - 1 ( presentation )

Answer 16

• late term abortion

- +/- respiratory infection

Question 17

most common CS of cystic calculi

Answer 17

hematuria after exercise

usually toward the end of the voided urine stream

Question 18

Bladder stones are usually made up of what

Answer 18

calcium carbonate

Question 19

CS of cystic calculi

Answer 19

• hematuria after exercise
• stranguria
• pollakiuria
• urinary incontinence

Question 20

signs of urethral blockage esp in male gelding

Answer 20

• stranguria, pollakuria, incontinence, restlessness, colic, stretched posture
• all of these may be more prominent in this instance

Question 21

Cause of equine monocytes ehrlichiosis ( Potomac horse fever) and its vector

Answer 21

• Neorickettsia risticii

- vector = trematode
ingestion of aquatic insects infected with the metacercarial stage of a trematode

Question 22

Treatment of equine granulocytic anaplasmosis ( anaplasma phagocytophilum )

Answer 22

• oxytetracycline

Question 23

Dx of equine granulocytic anaplasmosis ( anaplasma phagocytophilum )

Answer 23

• see classic morulae ( cytoplasmic inclusion bodies ) in neutrophils after 2-3 days of fever
• PCR on whole blood = most sensitive

IFAT shows rising Antibody titers

Question 24

Classic presentation of Equine viral arteritis

Answer 24

1. respiratory disease
2. limb edema
3. abortion
   - fever, conjunctivitis

Question 25

spread of EVA

Answer 25

• stallions who are silent carriers