Poultry Flashcards
Infectious laryngotracheitis
- acute, highly contagious , herpes virus characterized by severe dyspnea, coughing, and rales
- high morbidity
- recovered becomes carriers ( most important vector )
- adults should be vaccinated immediately in outbreak
Infectious laryngotracheitis
agent
alpha herpes virus
Infectious laryngotracheitis
highly suggestive finding
- hemorrhagic expectorations
Infectious laryngotracheitis
Dx
- real time PCR
- histopath
Infectious laryngotracheitis (necropsy)
- caseous exudate and blood in trachea
Infectious laryngotracheitis (definitive dx)
intraNUCLEAR inclusion bodies in tracheal epithelium
ddx (Infectious laryngotracheitis)
diphtheritic form of fowlpox
Infectious bronchitis
agent
corona virus
Infectious bronchitis
clinical presentation
- highly contagious ( via aerosol / ingestion )
- cough, sneeze, facial swelling
- mucoid exudate in bronchi, thickened air sacs +/- interstitial nephritis
Infectious bronchitis
(ddx)* clinically indistinguishable from
- Newcastle disease
- infectious laryngotracheitis
- infectious coryza
Infectious bronchitis ( def dx )
viral isolation after 3-5 serial passages in chick embryo
Fowlpox (diphtheritic form)
agent
fowl pox virus
chicken and turkey
Fowlpox (diphtheritic form)
- In the diphtheritic form, which affects the upper GI and respiratory tracts, lesions occur from the mouth to the esophagus and on the trachea.
- lesions develop on the mucous membranes of the mouth, esophagus, pharynx, larynx, and trachea (wetpox or fowl diphtheria).
Fowlpox (diphtheritic form)
transmission
- contact through abrasions of the skin
- aerosol
- mosquitos and other biting insect vectors
fowlpox ( cutaneous form )
characterized by
characterized by nodular lesions on various parts of the unfeathered skin of chickens and on the head and upper neck of turkeys
Fowlpox (def dx)
- affected tissues stained with H&E reveals eosinophilic cytoplasmic inclusion bodies.
- ** EPITHELIAL HYPERPLASIA WITH EOSINOPHILIC intraCYTOPLASMIC INCLUSION BODIES ( BOLLINGER BODIES )
Avian chlamydiosis
Def dx
- liver with LARGE, GRANULAR BASOPHILIC intraCYTOPLASMIC INCLUSIONS
Fowl Cholera (agent)
Pasteurella multocida
Fowl Cholera (dx)
gram negative bacteria in blood or tissues (pasteurella multocida)
Why can’t chickens be housed with turkeys
- Turkeys become clinical from a disease, while chickens are not
- protozoa = Histomonas meleagridis
- parasite within the protozoa =
Heterakis gallinarum - rounded necrotic lesions of the liver and marked inflammatory changes
Knemidocoptes mutans
- “ scaly leg mite” (chickens, pheasants, pigeons)
- lesions primarily on legs and unfeathered parts —-> progress to appear thickened and encrusted
- irritation —> feather picking
- short legged, round, up to 0.5 mm in diameter ( adult females)
- back yard flock with thickened, encrusted skin on the legs—> found mite on scrape
- adult female without suckers
- adult male with suckers
Knemidocoptes mutans (tx)
ivermectin
Dermanyssus gallinae
“ Red Mite “
- nocturnal feeders - ** severe infestation —> anemia and decreased reproductive potential
tx - insecticides
Laminosioptes cysticola
- “ SQ mite”
- 1-3 mm nodular SQ lesions
Ornithonyssus sylvarium
- “northern fowl mite”
- feathered region around the vent affected
Trombicula alfreddugesi
- “common chigger of birds”
- attach to wings, breasts, neck ( poultry )
- heavy infestation —> weakness, anorexia, death
