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NAVLE > Common equine limb/lameness > Flashcards

Common equine limb/lameness Flashcards

1
Q

Carpal Hygroma

A

Fluid filled swelling at CARPUS, usually seen from repeated trauma –> local bursitis

Tx: surgical exploration and drain placement

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2
Q

Thoroughpin

A

Effusion of the Tarsal sheath ( sheath of the DDF) * at the level of the high hock joint near the plantar tibia

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3
Q

Hock joint OCD lesion ( most common )

A

distal intermediate ridge of tibia

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4
Q

BoG Spavin

A
  • swelling of Tibia Tarsal joints
  • often no clinical abnormality detected
  • no tx needed
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5
Q

BoNe Spavin

A
  • -> Lameness
  • OA of distal inter tarsal joint +/or tarsometatarsal joint
  • shortened forward flight of hoof with decreased hock action
  • tend to Drag the toe
  • Tx: Arthrodesis of joint
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6
Q

Splints

A

Periosteum proliferation of interosseous ligament ( between MC/MT 3 and MC/MT 2)

tx: rest and nsaids

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7
Q

Osselets

A

inflammation of periosteum of Dorsal Distal MC/T3 ( epiphyseal surface) and fetlock (metacarpal/tarsal) joint

  • tx: rest and nsaids and intra-articular injections ( hyaluronate / GAGs )
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8
Q

High Ringbone

A

Periosteal proliferation ( bony growth) in PASTERN joint

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9
Q

Low Ringbone

A

Periosteal proliferation ( bony growth ) in COFFIN joint

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10
Q

Scratches “ grease heel/ dew poisoning/ mud fever”

A
  • risk factors - wet/ muddy environment

- chronic seborrheic dermatitis of plantar/palmar pastern

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11
Q

Sidebone

A

ossification of the ALAR Cartilage of the coffin bone (P3)

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12
Q

Quittor

A

Chronic infection of ALAR / collateral cartilage of the coffin bone

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13
Q

Seedy Toe “ hollow wall”

A

inner surface is crumbly, +/- cavity/ hollow

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14
Q

Stringhalt

A

** Sweet Pea (Lathyrs) Mycotoxin **

  • Myoclonic disease of one or both pelvic limbs
  • Spasmodic HyperFLEXION of Hock - “ kicking belly”

-Tx: lateral digital extensor tenectomy

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15
Q

Fibrotic Myopathy

A
  • Shortened cranial ( forward ) phase to stride
  • Lengthened caudal ( backward) phase
  • mechanical restriction of fibrotic/ scarred semitendinosus + Semimembranosus ( hamstrings)
  • Rear foot jerks caudally just prior to ground contact “ slaps down” on ground
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16
Q

Buttress foot

A

Pyramidal Disease / Extensor Process disease

  • secondary to periostitis of EXTENSOR PROCESS OF P3 –> thicken/swelling coronary band
  • wall of the hoof protrudes at the toe
17
Q

Flexor Disease:
CLUB FOOT

** CLUB –> Dance –> DDF **

A

** Flexion of coffin and Pastern **

  • DDFT is too tight –> steep hoof wall and short toe
  • Tx: - Put more weight on DDF
    - Inferior/ distal check ligament desmotomy (aka accessory ligament of DDFT)
    - DDFT tenetomy ( no athletic performance)
18
Q

Flexor Disease:
BOWED TENDON

** BOWed –> Silky bow –> SDF **

A
    • Hyperflexion/ Upright fetlock **
  • SDFT is too tight
  • Tx: Put more weight on SDF
    • elevate the heel and extend the toe
    • superior / proximal check ligament desmotomy
19
Q

Proximal/superior check desmotomy relieves:

A

SDF contracture

–> Bowed tendon

–> @ Fetlock joint

20
Q

Distal/ inferior check desmotomy relieves:

A

DDF contracture

–> Club Foot

–> @ Pastern, coffin joint

21
Q

Weight bearing with Dropped hock

A

Gastrocnemius rupture

22
Q

Non-weight bearing with Dropped hock

A

Achilles tendon rupture

23
Q

tendon injuries take how long to heal

A

8 - 11 months to completely heal

24
Q

Suspensory ligament desmitis

A

7-9 months to heal

  • associated with:
    • apical fx of proximal sesamoid bones
    • avulsion fx of palmar aspect of MC3
    • distal third of small MC bone fx
25
Q

Navicular disease

A
  • painful on hard surface
  • narrow heels
  • hoof tester elicits pain in posterior 3rd of foot

tx: - palmar digital nerve block will help
- shoe that elevates the heel –> elevated bar shoe

26
Q

MC location of Chip Fracture

A

Radial carpal bone and Radius

27
Q

MC location of slab fracture

A

3rd Carpal bone

28
Q

Osteochondritis dissecans

A
  • developmental disorder of articular cartilage
  • multifactorial : (rapid growth rate, high energy diets, mineral imbalance - low copper, high zinc , genetics, large size , and articular trauma

CS - effusion of affected joints and potentially lameness or neuro signs ( if cervical lesion)

Management:
conservative - restrict exercise , reduce feed intake, correct mineral imbalance

surgical - more advanced lesions

29
Q

Ddx for dropped elbow and flexed carpus

A
  • ulna/olecranon fx
  • humeral fx
  • radial nerve paralysis
30
Q

Windgalls

A

fluid filled swellings around the MC- or MT-phalangeal joints

31
Q

Dropped fetlock with toe lifted off ground

A

significant injury to the deep digital flexor tendon –> it inserts on the palmar/plantar surface of the third phalanx

32
Q

dropped fetlock with no change in toe position

A

injury to superficial digital flexor –> because it inserts on the distal aspect of the proximal phalanx and proximal aspect of the second phalanx

33
Q

dropped fetlock with the toe on the ground

A

damage to both branches of suspensory ligament

34
Q

Bearing weight on dorm of hoof and swinging digit forward while advancing it when extensor function is lost

A

disrupted long and lateral digital extensor tendons

** locomotion returns to normal after healing of wound occurs

35
Q

Most fractures of distal phalanx and those that are not articular can be treated :

A

conservatively , using stabilization with a bar shoe and rest

36
Q

Articular fractures ( esp in older patients ) treated:

A

surgically , involving internal fixation

37
Q

Palmar digital neurectomy

A

only used in chronic fractures that are non-responsive to treatment

38
Q

penetrating wound within the central frog / sulci —> need what

A

rads, evaluation of involvement of the underlying synovial structures

39
Q

Angular limb deformity

valgus/varus

A
  • periosteal stripping –> encourages growth on concave side (curves inward)
  • temporary transphyseal bridging -> slows growth on the convex side (curves outward)

** prognosis is good if addressed prior to physical plate closure

NAVLE (27 decks)

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