Tobacco abuse across the lifespan Flashcards
What does smoking increase the risk of?
Diminished overall health
Increased absenteeism from work
Increased health care utilization
On average how many years do smokers die earlier than non-smokers?
10 years
What are the cardiovascular health effects from cigarette smoking?
Narrowed vessels
Increased BP, HR, and clot formation
What are the respiratory health effects from cigarette smoking?
Damages the airways and small air sacs
What is the important statistic about smoking and cancer?
If nobody smoked 1 out of 3 cancer deaths in US would NOT happen
How can cigarette smoke effect fertility?
There can be infertility issues
*Harder for women to become pregnant
*Affects men’s sperm count
*impact to infant (preterm birth, still birth, etc)
How can cigarette smoke effect bone health?
Women past childbearing age at a greater risk of osteopenia and osteoporosis
How can cigarette smoke effect oral health?
Cause tooth loss, tooth decay, gum disease
How can cigarette smoke effect skin health?
cosmetic issues like increased wrinkles
Poor wound healing
How can cigarette smoke effect the body’s immune system?
Inflammation and decreased immune function
How can cigarette smoke affect vision?
Increases risk for cataracts
Increased age related macular degeneration
How can cigarette smoke effect the endocrine system?
Cause T2DM and can make it harder to control
What are the health effects of quitting smoking?
Within 2-5 years: stroke may reduce
Within 5 years: risks of cancers of the mouth drop by 50%
10 Years: risk of dying from lung cancer drops by 50%
What does not prevent people from secondhand smoke?
Opening windows
Using air filters
Is there a risk-free level of secondhand smoke?
No; even brief exposure can be harmful to health
What are the harms of 2nd hand smoke to kids
Ear infections
asthma attacks
Respiratory problems
What are the harms of 2nd hand smoke to adults
Heart disease
Lung cancer
Stroke
How can 2nd hand smoke be measured?
Test saliva, urine, or blood to see if it contains cotinine
What can chew or dip lead to?
Nicotine addiction
Cancers of the mouth
Or Leukoplakia
What is the statistic about youth and tobacco use?
1 in 13 of todays Americans younger than 18 will die from smoking related illness
What is the MC tobacco product among the youth
Electronic cigarettes (since 2014)
What are some social and physical factor associated with youth tobacco product use?
Parental use
Mass media
What are some social and environmental factors related to lowering smoking levels?
Being part of a religious group
Racial/ethnic pride
Higher academic achievement
What are the five R’s to motivate smokers unwilling to quit?
Relevance: encourage patient to indicate why is quitting personally relevant
Risks: Have patient identify potential negative consequences of tobacco use
Rewards: identify potential benefits of smoking cessation
Roadblock: Identify barriers or impediments to quitting
Repetition: Repeat every time an unmotivated patient visits clinic setting
