Immunization Across The Lifespan I Flashcards
What is the best way to protect from potentially harmful diseases?
Vaccines
What are the 14 diseases vaccination protect against?
1.Polio
2. Tetanus
3. Flu
4. Hep B/A
5. Rubella
6. Hib
7. Measles
8. Whooping Cough
9. Pneumococcal Disease
10. Rotavirus
11. Mumps
12. Chickenpox
13. Diphtheria
What do vaccines contain?
A weakened or “dead” version of viruses r bacteria that prepare the body to fight off diseases
What does the immune system produce in response to the weakened version of vaccines?
Antibodies
*proteins produced by the body to neutralize the disease carrying organisms
What do the antibodies do if a person is exposed to a virus or bacteria?
They will identify the virus or bacteria and destroy it
*They are disease specific
What are the two types of immunity?
1.Active
2.Passive
What is active immunity?
A person is exposed to a disease which triggers the immune system to produce antibodies to that disease
What are the two types of active immunities?
- natural immunity
*Exposed through infection with actual disease - Vaccine-induced immunity
*vaccine protects that introduces the weakened form of the disease
Is active immunity long-lasting or short-lasting?
Long-lasting
What is passive immunity?
When a person is given antibodies to a disease
*OR a baby acquires passive immunity from its mother through the placenta
What contain passive immunity?
-The placenta
-Anti-body containing blood products like immune globulin
*given when immediate protection is needed
How long does passive immunity last for?
Only a few weeks or months
What is herd immunity?
When most of the population is immunized
*The spread is prevented by the lack of available host
What are the different types of vaccines?
Live viruses
*Weakened or altered
Inactivated or killed organisms or viruses
Inactivated toxins
Subunit, recombinant, conjugate, and polysaccharide
What is the definition of an inactivated toxin vaccine?
For bacteria diseases where toxins generated by the bacteria cause illness
What do subunit, recombinant, conjugate, and polysaccharide vaccines use to stimulate a vaccine response?
They use pieces of germs (Protein, sugar, casing around the germ)
What are the Live attenuated virus vaccines?
MMR
Varicella (Chickenpox)
Influenza (LAIV: nasal spray)
Rotavirus (Oral vaccine)
Oral Polio
Zoster (Shingles)
Yellow fever
What are the different types of killed viruses or vaccines?
IM Polio
Hep A
IM Influenza
Rabies
What are the different types of Toxoid vaccines (Inactivated toxin)
Diphtheria
Tetanus
What is an mRNA vaccine?
Does not require dead or live viral parts
*Teaches the body to make a coronavirus spike protein, then antibodies form
*Covid
What are the different types of subunit, recombinant, conjugate, and polysaccharide vaccines?
Hep B
HPV
Hib
Pertussis
Pneumococcal disease
meningococcal disease
Shingles
What are the different routes of administration?
Oral
Intranasal
Subcutaneous
Intramuscular (IM)
What vaccines are administered orally?
Rotavirus
What vaccines are administered intranasally?
Live attenuated influenza vaccine (LAIV)
*NOT for asthma patients