Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Community And Wellness > Immunizations Part II > Flashcards

Immunizations Part II Flashcards

1
Q

What bacteria causes Pneumococcus?

A

Streptococcus Pneumoniae

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are two common symptoms of Pneumococcus

A

Otitis media and sinusitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

How does the pneumococcal conjugate work?

A

Works by destroying the surface capsule of the streptococcus pneumonia and allows for phagocytosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is the common pneumococcal conjugate

A

Prevnar 13
*Licensed for patients 6 weeks and older and for adults

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is the recommendation for Prevnar 13?

A

2, 4, 6, and 12-15 months
*four dose series

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What do you give first Prevnar 13 or Prevnar 23?

A

Administer PCV13 before PPSV23

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

How many serotypes does PPSV23 work against?

A

23
*Does not provide long-lasting immune response
*Licensed for patients 2 years and older

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is the CDC recommendation for Pneumococcal vaccination for children younger than 2 years old?

A

They should receive the PCV13

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is the route of administration for pneumococcal Vaccine?

A

PCV13: IM
PCV15: IM
PCV23: IM or SC (rare)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are the contraindications or precautions of the pneumococcal vaccine?

A

Anaphylaxis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are the adverse effects of Pneumococcal vaccine/

A

PCV13: fever, injection site reaction, irritability, and increased or decreased sleep
PCV23: Pain and redness at the injection site, 1% myalgia and fever

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What causes poliomyelitis/

A

Poliovirus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the route of transmission of the poliovirus?

A

Fecal-oral route
*Respiratory droplets
*Causes flaccid paralysis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What a the two types of poliovirus vaccines?

A
  1. Inactivated poliovirus Vaccine (IPV)
    *Higher content of antigens
  2. Live attenuated oral poliovirus vaccine (OPV)
    *no longer available in the US
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is the recommendation for the IPV?

A

All infants 4 series at 2,4,6-18 months, and 4-6 yoa

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is the route of administration for IPV?

A

IM or SQ

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What are the contraindications or precautions of IPV

A

Serve allergic reaction to previous vaccine or component
Pregnancy is precaution to IPV
*Breast feeding is safe

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What are some adverse effects of IPV?

A

Allergic reaction in persons sensitive to streptomycin, polymyxin b, and neomycin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What are the vaccines given at 4 months?

A

DTaP
Hib
IPV
PCV13
RV

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What are the schedule vaccines for 6 Months?

A

DTaP
Hib
IPV
PCV13
RV
Flu
Hep b
Covid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What causes influenza?

A

Respiratory virus
*Type A and B virus causes epidemics

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What is the route of transmission of the influenza/

A

Respiratory droplets
*1-4 lay incubation period
*contagious 1 day before and 5 days after

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What groups of people are most effected by Influenza/

A

> 65 yoa
<2
Medical conditions: COPD, asthma, CVD, DM,renal….
Pregnant women

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

When is the influenza vaccine offered?

A

Offered beginning in late September early October and throughout the season

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
What is the recommendations of the Influenza vaccine?
Annual flu vaccination is recommended for all person >6months who do not have contraindications *Not recommended in patients <6months
26
What are the two flue vaccines that a not made from eggs?
Flucelax and Flublok
27
What are the 3 most common types of influenza vaccines?
1.Trivalent/Quadrivalent (IIV3/4) 2. Live attenuated influenza vaccine 3. Recombinant influenza vaccine
28
What is the recommendation for the Trivalent/Quadrivalent inactivated influenza vaccine
Yearly starting at 6 months of age 2 Doses recommended for children <9yoa who did not receive 2 doses in past *Separated by 4 weeks >9yoa administer 1 dose annually
29
Can people with egg allergies and develop hives after taking the flu vaccines continue to take the flu vaccine?
Yes
30
When should a child receive 2 doses of flu vaccine?
6mo-8 years *who have only gotten one dose of vaccine
31
When should the second dose of the vaccine be administered?
At least 4 weeks after the fist dose
32
What flu vaccines should pregnant women receive?
Inactivated (IIV) or recombinant (RIV4) *No live vaccines
33
What is the recommendation if a health care worker receives the LAIV?
They should avoid contact for 7 days with immunocompromised patients
34
What are the 12-23 months schedule vaccines?
Chickenpox (Varicella) DTaP Hib (Last booster) Measles, Mumps, Rubella (MMR) Pneumococcal Conjugate (PCV13) Hep A Hep B
35
What are the signs/symptoms/ transmission of spread for Measles?
Spread via respiratory droplets *viral illness Signs: Cough, conjunctivitis, rash Symptoms: OM, pneumonia, encephalitis
36
What are the signs, symptoms, and spread of transmission for Mumps?
Spread via respiratory droplets Signs: Swelling of the parotid gland, Parotitis Symptoms: Orchitis,meningitis, pancreatitis, oophoritis
37
What are the signs, and route of transmission of Rubella?
Spread via respiratory droplets Signs: Fever, sore throat, rash
38
What is the primary intention of rubella vaccine/
To prevent congenital rubella syndrome *Cataracts, heart defect, deafness, low IQ, microcephaly
39
What type of vaccine is the MMR?
Mixed live attenuated vaccine *MM prepared using chick embryo *Rubella grown in human diploid cells
40
What type of vaccine is the MMRV (ProQuad)
A combined live attenuated measles, mumps, rubella, and varicella *Approved for children 1-12yoa
41
What is a precaution of MMRV? (ProQuad)
If there is a personal or family history of seizures
42
What is the recommendation of MMR?
2 dose series *12-15 months and 4-6 years (before school entry) *MMR is preferred at 12-15 months *MMRV is preferred at 4-6 years if no risk of febrile seizures
43
If an infant is traveling to a high risk area what should they receive?
One dose of MMR prior to travel
44
If an infant is exposed to measles what should they receive?
IG within 72 hours
45
What is the route of administration of MMR?
SQ
46
What are the contraindications of MMR?
Pregnant women Immunocompromised persons Anaphylaxis People receiving high-dose corticosteroid therapy
47
What are the precautions of MMR vaccine?
-minor acute illness -egg allergy -history of tuberculosis -Personal of FH of febrile seizures *MMRV vaccine
48
What is the immunoglobulin that is effective at preventing measles?
Postexposure prophylaxis (PEP)
49
What is the route of transmission/ signs of varicella?
Spread via respiratory droplets or vesicular fluid from lesions Sings: pruritic rash
50
What is the Varicella Vaccine?
Live attenuated varicella vaccine (VAR) *second dose recommended at 4-6yoa
51
What are the two types of vaccines available for Varicella?
1. VAR (Varivax) 2. MMRV (ProQuad) *Children 1-12 *Preferred vaccine for second dose at 4-6 years
52
What is the recommendation for the Varicella vaccine/
12-15 months 4-6 years
53
What is the route of administration for VAR?
SQ
54
What are some contraindication of the live VAR vaccine?
Pregnancy Severe allergic reaction Immunodeficiency High dose steroids
55
What are the cautions/ Precautions of VAR/
Personal or FH of febrile seizure
56
What are the adverse effects of VAR?
Injection site reaction
57
What is the post-exposure prophylaxis of Varicella?
Acyclovir (oral) *Varicella immunoglobulin (VariZIG) available for high risk
58
What is the route of transmission of the Hep A virus?
Spread fecal-oral route *via contaminated food or water
59
What are the 2 Inactivated vaccines for Hep A?
1.HepA (Havrix) *12 months and older *adults receive 2 doses separated by 6 months 2. HepA (Vaqta) *12 months and older *adults receive 2 doses, separated by at least 6 months
60
What is the combination vaccine for Hep A and hep B?
Twinrix *Approved for 18yoa and older *Three dose series
61
What are the recommendations of Hep A vaccine?
2 dose series *12-23 months *2nd dose 6-18 months after initial dose
62
What is the route of administration of HepA vaccine?
IM
63
What are contraindications of HepA vaccine?
Previous severe reactions to vaccine or component
64
What are some precautions of Hep A vaccine?
Pregnancy Moderate or severe illness
65
What are some adverse effects of Hep A vaccine?
Injection site issues, headache, loss of appetite
66
When is Post-exposure Prophylaxis (PEP) recommended for Hep A?
Household or sexual contacts with serological confirmed Hep A and day care staff and attendees in outbreak situations
67
What is the recommendation for PEP (HEpA)
Within 2 weeks recommend vaccine, IG, or both *A single dose of hep A vaccine, IG, or both unimmunized persons
68
What is the scheduled vaccines for ages 4-6 years?
DTaP Inactivated Polio (IPV) MMR Chickenpox (Varicella) Influenza
69
What is the scheduled vaccines for 7-10 years/
Influenza vaccine HPV vaccine
70
What is the scheduled vaccine for ages 11-12?
Tdap HPV Meningococcal Conjugate Influenza
71
What causes meningococcal disease?
Neisseria meningitides *Five serogroups of meningococcal (A, B, C, W, and Y) cause nearly all serious disease worldwide
72
Which serotype is responsible for over 60% of cases in children younger than 1
Serogroup B
73
Which serogroup is responsible for the most amount of cases in adults older than 65?
Serogroup Y
74
What are the two types of Meningococcal Vaccines?
Menactra (MenACWY-D) *Protects against A,C, W, Y *2 doses required for alladolescents *11-12yoa and second dose at 16 (booster) Menveo (MeACWY-CRM) *Protects against A,C,W,Y *Two doses required for all adolescents *11-12 and second dose at 16 (booster)
75
What is the recommendation for meningococcal vaccine?
First dose at 11 or 12 years booster dose at age 16 *children 2mo-23 months at increased risk received 4 doses
76
What is the route of administration of MCV?
IM
77
What are the contraindications of MCV?
Severe allergic reaction *Diphtheria toxoid with MCV4 *Rubber latex
78
What are the cautions/ Precautions with MCV?
PH of Guillain-Barré syndrome
79
What are the adverse effects of MCV?
Local reactions Guillain-Barré syndrome (MCV4)
80
What are the two vaccines available for MenB?
Bexsero (MenB-4C) Trumenba (MeB-FHbp) *Licensed for use at 10 years or older *Not recommended for universal use *shared decision making 16-23yoa not at increased risk *High risk population should receive vaccine at 10 yo
81
What are the recommendations of Serogroup B vaccines?
Bexsero (MenB-4C) *administer two doses *0, >1 month after first dose Trumenba (MenB-HFbP) *adminsiter two or 3 doses * 0, 6 months to healthy adolescents not at risk *0,1-2 months, and 6 months to high risk people
82
What is the most common sexually transmitted infection in the US?
Human papillomavirus (HPV)
83
What is the most common type of serogroup of HPV?
16, 18 *70% of Cervical cancer contain types 16 or 18
84
When is the HPV vaccine recommended?
Recommended to all males and females at 11-12 years *Catch up phase for all persons 13-26 who have not been vaccinated or completed series *May be administered after pregnancy in patients up to 26 years
85
What is the name for the HPV vaccines?
Gardasil 9 *only one available in the US
86
What is the recommendation for HPV Vaccine?
<15yoa: 2 doses separated by 6-12 months >15yoa: 3 doses 0,1-2 months after first dose, 6 months after first dose
87
What is the route of administration of HPV vaccine?
IM
88
What are the contraindications of HPV vaccine?
Anaphylaxis Pregnancy Hypersensitivity to yeast
89
What are the precautions of HPV vaccine?
Can be administered with minor illness and to immunocompromised people
90
What are the adverse effects of HPV vaccine?
Injection site pain Fever Nausea Dizziness *patient should be observed for 15-20 minutes after vaccination
91
What are the different types of Flu vaccines for older adults?
High dose trivalent (HD-IIV3) *approved for >65 *Shows up error efficacy and effectiveness compared to other vaccine options Low dose intradermal trivalent (Fluzone) *Approved for 18-65 yoa
92
If a person has no evidence of immunity to chickenpox what is the recommendation for them/
Should receive 2 doses of varicella vaccine 4-8 weeks apart if born 1980s or later
93
What is Herpes Zoster?
Latent varicella-zoster *AKA shingles
94
How is herpes zoster transmitted?
By direct contact or aerosolization of virus from skin lesions
95
What is the recommendation of Herpes Zoster Vaccine?
Shingrix (RSV) *2 dose series (0,2-6 months later) *Used in adults >50 yoa *Shingrix preferred over Zostavax

Community And Wellness (39 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions