tissues Flashcards
striated muscular fibers are made of
sarcolemma, sarcoplasm and peripheral nuclei
By their function neurons are grouped in
sensitive (pseudo-unipolar neurons form the spinal nodes with long dendrites), motor (multipolar neurons with long axon) and association (small ones; as a connection between motor and sensitive)
By their extensions name neurons are grouped in
unipolar, pseudo-polar, bipolar and multipolar
By the shape of the soma neurons are grouped in
spherical, ovoid, fusiform, pyramidal…
ectoderm forms which tissues
nervous and epithelial tissue
the mesoderm forms which tissues
connective, muscular and epithelial tissue (pleura, pericardium and peritoneum)
the endoderm forms
the epithelial tissues of the digestive, tracheal, bronchi tube and of the urinary tracts
3 Main forms of the epithelia of lining
simple epitehlia, pseudo stratified epithelia (mehrreihig) and stratified epithelia
Types of the simple epithelia
simple squamous epithelia (blood and lymph vessels), simple cuboidal (mucosa, bronchioles) and simple columnar (digestive tube; microvilli or cilliated)
Types of stratified epitehlia
the stratified squamous (non/kerantinized), stratified columnar (soft palate), stratified cuboidal (secretory glands of the salivary glands) and the transitional epitehlia (bladder)
Types of connective tissue
soft, irregular dense and regular dense
Types of soft connective tissue
Loose connective tissue, reticular tissue, fiber tissue, adipose and elastic tissue
describe the irregular dense connective tissue
the ground substance is predominant (chodrin+ Na + Ca), it is not vascularized, nutrition by perichondrium, cells=chondrocytes
3 types: hyaline, elastic and fibrous
describe the regular dense (osseous) connective tissue
in ground substance: ossein + Ca + P
young osseous cells: osteoblasts
Mature: osteocytes
2 types of osseous tissue: spongy and compact osseous tissue
the spongy osseous tissue is formed by
osseous lamellae (trabeculae) and the areolae (inside red bone marrow); inside the epipyhses of the long bones
the compact osseous tissue
forms the wall of the long bones diaphysis;
small unit= osteon formed by Haversian channels and concentric osseous lamellae
striated muscular tissue of cardiac type
forms myocardium
cardiac muscle fibers are shorter than the striated fibers and the nucleus is located centrally and uni-nucleate
ramified with intercalary discs
smooth visceral muscular tissue
slow and prolonged contraction, centrally placed uni-unicleated nucleus, fibers are laid in layers or are spread in the connective tissue and are fusiform
z.B. the multi-unit smooth muscular tissue (by separated muscular fibers; in the iris)
sheets of the myeliated neurons
myelin sheath, the Schwann und Henle sheats
