Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

A&P 1 > Tissues > Flashcards

Tissues Flashcards

1
Q

What are tissues?

A

-A group of cells working together

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are the 4 types of tissues?

A
  • Epithelial tissue
  • Muscle tissue
  • Nervous tissue
  • Cardiac tissue
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Epithelial tissue

A

-Covers and lines surfaces

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Characteristics of Epithelial Tissue

A
  • Highly cellular
  • Polar (apical/basal surface)
  • Basement membrane
  • Avascular
  • Regenerative
  • Specialized contacts
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is simple squamous epithelium?

A
  • a single layer of flat cells

- Filtration and diffusion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Where is simple squamous epithelium located?

A
  • Alveolar air sacs of lungs

- Kidney glomerulus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Two special types of simple squamous epithelium

A
  • Endothelium

- Mesothelium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Endothelium

A

-Lines circulatory system (blood vessels and heart) and lymphatic vessels

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Mesothelium

A

-Lines serous membranes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Simple cuboidal epithelium

A

-Secretion and absorption

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Simple cuboidal epithelium locations

A
  • Kidney tubules

- Glands

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Simple columnar epithelium

A

-Secretion and absorption

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Location of simple columnar epithelium

A
  • Digestive tract (stomach, intestines)
  • Glands
  • Uterine tubes
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Pseudostratified columnar epithelium

A
  • Single layer of cells, nuclei at various heights

- Secretion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Pseudostratified columnar epithelium location

A
  • Trachea
  • Glands
  • Sperm carrying ducts
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Stratified squamous epithelium

A
  • Protection
  • Found in areas exposed to a lot of friction
  • Upper layer replaced by rapidly dividing cells in basal layer
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Stratified squamous epithelium location

A
  • Skin
  • Mouth
  • Esophagus
  • Vagina
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Stratified Cuboidal epithelium

A
  • Rare
  • Found in some sweat and mammary glands
  • Typically two cell layers thick
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Stratified columnar epithelium

A
  • Rare
  • Some parts of pharynx, male urethra and lining some glandular ducts
  • Only apical layer columnar
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Transitional epithelium location

A
  • Bladder
  • Ureters
  • Urethra
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Glands

A

-One or more cells that secrete a product (proteins, hormones, steroids)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Endocrine glands

A
  • Ductless
  • Secrete products into extracellular space by exocytosis
  • Products are hormones
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Examples of endocrine glands

A
  • Pituitary gland
  • Thyroid gland
  • Adrenal gland
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Exocrine glands

A
  • Have ducts

- Secrete products onto body surfaces (skin) or into body cavities

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Examples of exocrine secretions

A

-Mucus, sweat, oil, saliva, bile, digestive enzymes (pancreas)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Unicellular exocrine glands

A
  • Single cell
  • Ductless
  • Ex: goblet cell
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Where are unicellular exocrine glands found

A
  • Intestines

- Trachea

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Merocrine glands

A
  • Most common

- Contents released by exocytosis

29
Q

Examples of merocrine glands

A
  • Sweat glands

- Goblet cells

30
Q

Holocrine glands

A
  • Contents released by rupturing

- Cells are killed in the secretion process

31
Q

Examples of holocrine glands

A

-Oil gland

32
Q

Functions of connective cells

A
  • Connects tissues
  • Supports other tissues
  • Energy storage
  • Transport
33
Q

Characteristics of Connective Tissue

A

-Degrees of vascularity

Lots of extracellular matrix

34
Q

Degrees of vascularity

A
  • Avascular- Cartilage

- Highly vascular-adipose

35
Q

Lots of extracellular matrix

A
  • True for cartilage, bone, tendons, ligaments, areolar tissue, blood, reticular
  • Not true for adipose tissue
36
Q

Extracellular matrix

A
  • Collagen
  • Elastin
  • Reticular fibers
  • Ground substance
37
Q

Collagen

A
  • Tough thick fibers

- Able to withstand tension

38
Q

Elastin

A

-Thin fibers, stretch and recoil

39
Q

Reticular fibers

A
  • Very fine collagen fibers

- Form a branched network to support tissue

40
Q

Ground substance

A

-Interstitial fluid, proteoglycans, proteins and polysaccharides

41
Q

Proteoglycans

A
  • Giant protein/carbohydrate complexes

- Very negatively charged-attracts water and ions into extracellular space

42
Q

Functions of proteoglycans

A
  • Keep tissues hydrated
  • Help lubricate fibers
  • Helps withstand compression
43
Q

Cell types

A
  • Fibroblast
  • Chondroblast
  • Osteoblast
  • Hematopoetic stem cell (hematocytoblast)
44
Q

Fibroblast

A

-Makes collagen fibers

45
Q

Chondroblast

A

-Makes cartilage

46
Q

Osteoblast

A

-Makes bone

47
Q

Hematopoetic stem cell

A

-Makes blood cells, not ECM

48
Q

Blood borne cells

A
  • White blood cells
  • Macrophages
  • Mast cells
49
Q

White blood cells

A

-Help with tissue response to injury or infection

50
Q

Macrophages

A

-Eat foreign particles by phagocytosis

51
Q

Mast cells

A

-Release substances (histamine) from granules

52
Q

Histamine

A

-Makes capillaries leaky

53
Q

Areolar connective tissue components

A 
ECM
-Loosely packed fibers (all kinds)
-Lots of ground substance
Cells
-Fibroblasts
-Blood borne cells
54
Q

Areolar connective tissue characteristics

A
  • Vascular

- Found under layers of epithelium

55
Q

Areolar connective tissue functions

A
  • Wraps and cushions tissues

- Defense against infection

56
Q

Adipose connective tissue characteristics

A
  • Sparse ECM
  • Highly cellular
  • Highly vascular
57
Q

Adipose connective tissue locations

A
  • Subcutaneous
  • Around organs
  • Behind eyeballs
  • Breast
  • Abdomen
58
Q

Adipose connective tissue functions

A
  • Shock absorber
  • Insulator
  • Energy storage
59
Q

Reticular connective tissue components

A
  • Only reticular ECM fibers

- Many white blood cells

60
Q

Reticular connective tissue location

A
  • Spleen
  • Lymph nodes
  • Bone marrow
61
Q

Reticular connective tissue function

A

-Provides a supportive framework for blood cells

62
Q

Dense regular connective tissue characteristics

A
  • Mostly parallel collagen fiber bundles (resists tension)
  • Fibroblasts
  • Avascular
63
Q

Dense regular connective tissue locations

A
  • Tendons
  • Ligaments
  • Aponeuroses
64
Q

Tendons

A

-muscle to bone

65
Q

Ligaments

A

-bone to bone

66
Q

Aponeuroses

A

-muscle to muscle

67
Q

Function of dense regular connective tissue

A
  • connects bones and muscles

- resists tension

68
Q

Dense irregular connective tissue components

A
  • Irregularly arranged collagen fiber bundles (can withstand tension)
  • Fibroblasts

A&P 1 (14 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions