TISSUE PROCESSING

Question 1

outer complex membrane containing the fluod protoplasm which is a mixed true and colloidal, solution of _____

Answer 1

salts, proteins, carbohydrates, lipids organic acids, and enzymes.

Question 2

is the process by which the constituents of the cells and therefore of the tissues are
fixed in a physical and party also in a chemical state, so that they will withstand subsequent
treatment with various reagent with a minimum loss, less destruction or decomposition

Answer 2

fixation

Question 3

is brought about by denaturing or precipitating properties of different fixative which then forms a sponge or mesh work.

Answer 3

fixation

Question 4

how to prepare 10% formalin

Answer 4

a. Pipette 10 ml of 37-40% formaldehyde and place it on a beaker.
b. Measure 90 ml of distilled water
c. Mix both solution and place it on a jar. Label. d. Make the necessary computation for the actual amount needed for the specimen

Question 5

This process of removing intercellular and extracellular water from the tissue following fixation and prior to wax impregnation is known as
“dehydration”, and the solutions utilized to make this possible are called “____”.

Answer 5

Dehydrating Agents

Question 6

Most dehydrating agents are strong organic solvents that bring about some shrinkage and extraction of cell components. To minimize these effects,____

Answer 6

dehydrating agents are used in a graded series for short periods of time, and water is gradually replaced so that violent osmotic
changes do not produce distortions.

Question 7

As a general of dehydration, ____

Answer 7

whatever dehydrating agent is used, the amount in each step shouldnot be less than 10 times the volume of the tissue in order to ensure complete penetrationof
the tissue by the dehydrating solution

Question 8

The following is an example of a time schedule for manual processing of tissues about
3mm thick

DEHYDRATION

Answer 8

70% Alcohol - 6 hours
95% Alcohol - 12 hours
100% Alcohol - 2 hours
100 % Alcohol - 1 hour
100 % Alcohol - 1hour

Question 9

Clearing also known as

Answer 9

de-alcoholization

Question 10

) is the process whereby alcohol or a dehydrating agent is
removed from the tissue and replaced with a substance that will dissolve the wax with which the tissue is to be impregnated (e.g. paraffin) or used as the medium on which the tissue is to be mounted (e.g. Canada balsam).

Answer 10

clearing

Question 11

Clearing agent must be fully miscible with both

Answer 11

ethanol and paraffin wax

Question 12

.The most commonly used clearing agent for this purpose is

Answer 12

xylene

Question 13

are used when the tissue is to be cleared directly from water, as in a frozen section

Answer 13

Glycerin and gum syrup

Question 14

clearing time sched for 3 mm thick

Answer 14

Xylene or Toluene 1 hour Xylene or Toluene 1 hour

Question 15

is the process whereby the clearing agent is completely removed from the tissue and replaced by a medium that will completely fill all the tissue cavities, thereby giving a firm consistency to the specimen

Answer 15

Impregnation (Infiltration)

Question 16

It allows easier handling and cutting of suitably thin sections without any damage or distortion to the tissue and its cellular components.

Answer 16

Impregnation (Infiltration)

Question 17

is the process by which the impregnated tissue is placed intoa precisely arranged positions in a mold containing a medium which is then allowed to solidify

Answer 17

embedding (casting or blocking )