Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Endocrine > thyroid physiology > Flashcards

thyroid physiology Flashcards

1
Q

what do the parafollicular C cells secrete?

A

calcitonin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

where is thyroglubulin stored?

A

colloid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

explain the steps in the synthesis of the thyroid hormones?

A
  1. iodine taken up by follicular cells
  2. iodine attaches to tyrosine residues on thyroglobulin to form MIT and DIT (building blocks)
  3. coupling of the building blocks
  4. stored in colloid until required
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

MIT+DIT=

A

T3

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

DIT+DIT=

A

T4

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

which thyroid hormone is most biologically active?

A

T3

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

which thyroid hormone is more potent?

A

T3

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

in what form are the thyroid hormones biologically active?

A

unbound

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what to T3 and T4 bind to?

A

plasma proteins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what molecule to most thyroid hormones bind to?

A

thyroid binding globulin (TBG)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

when might there be increased thyroid binding globulin?

A 
pregnancy
new born state
Hep A
Biliary Cirrhosis
taken heroin
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what will happen to the total T4 when there is increased TBG?

A

increased total T4 but not free T4

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what will happen to total T4 when there is decreased TBG?

A

decrease total T4 but not free T4

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

when might there be decreased TBG?

A

cushings
acromegaly
chronic liver disease
adrogens

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

roles of thyroid hormones?

A 
increase basal metabolic rate
increase thermogenisis
carb metabolism- increase blood glucose
lipid metabolism- increase lipolysis
protein metabolism- increase synthesis

growth
development of foetal and neonatal brain

normal central nervous activity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

how do thyroid hormones increase responsiveness to adrealine and noradrenaline?

A

by increasing number of receptors

17
Q

affect of thyroid hormones on heart?

A

increase heart rate and stroke volume

18
Q

what stimulates the release of thyroid hormones?

A

TSH from anterior pituitary

19
Q

what stimulates the release of TSH?

A

TRH- thyrotrophin releasing hormone from hypothalamus

20
Q

what does stress do to the release of TRH and TSH?

A

inhibits it

21
Q

when are thyroid hormone levels highest?

A

at night

22
Q

what can cause a goitre?

A

gland failure

iodine deficiency

23
Q

symptoms of hypothyroidism?

A 
reduced BMR
slow pulse rate
fatigue, lethargy
slow reflexes
cold intolerance
weight gain
reduced appetite
24
Q

symptoms of hyperthyroidism?

A 
increased BMR
very fast pulse
increased nervousness
insomnia
sweating 
heat intolerance
weight loss
increased appetitie

Endocrine (29 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions