Pathology of Pituitary and Adrenal gland Flashcards
name the trophic hormones secreted from anterior pituitray?
TSH
ACTH
FSH
LH
what are the non trophic hormones secreted from the anterior pituitary?
GH
Prolactin
what is derived from rathke’s pouch?
anterior pituitary
name the most common functional pituitary adenoma?
prolactinoma
name functional pituitary adenomas?
prolactinoma
GH secreting
ACTH secreting
what can cause pituitary hypofunction?
tumours trauma surgery/radiation granulomatous inflammation infection haemorrhage hypothalmic lesions
what is craniopharyngioma?
derived from remnants of rathke’s pouch
slow growing, cystic, may calcify
headaches, visual disturbance
excellent prognosis
what can cause diabetes insipidus?
ADH insufficiency
renal resistance to ADH
what are the 3 zones of adrenal cortex?
zona glomerulosa
zona fascicultata
zona reticularis
what hormones come from the zona glomerulosa?
mineralacocorticoids
aldosterone
what hormones come from zona fasciculata?
glucocorticoids
cortisol
what hormones come from zona reticularis?
sex steroids
glucocorticoids
what do chromaffin cells in teh adrenal medulla scerete?
catecholamines
what can cause hyperfunction of the adrenals?
hyperplasia
adenoma
carcinoma
what can cause acute and chronic hypofunction of adrenals?
acute-waterhouse friderichsen
chronic- addisions
describe an adrenocortical adenoma?
well circumscribed, encapsulated lesion, usually small
yellow/brown cut surface (lipids)
well differentiated, small nuclei
features suggesting adrenocrotical carcinoma?
lareg size haemorrhage and necrosis frequent mitoses lack of clear cells capsular or vascular invasion
what is primary hyperaldosteronism also known as?
conn’s syndrome
too much cortisol
cushings
3 common causes of addisons disease?
autoimmune
infection
metastatic malignancy
weakness, fatigue anorexia/weight loss nausea diarrhoea tanned! pigmentation
addisons
what are the 2 main adrenal medullary tumours?
neuroblastoma
phaechromocytoma (10% tumour)
what tumour is also known at the 10% tumour?
phaechromocytoma
catecholamines in urine?
phaechromocytoma
medullary tumour assocaited with multiple endocrine neoplasia?
phaechromocytoma
