Hormones and Receptors

Question 1

who do endocrine glands communicate?

Answer 1

by hormone secretion

Question 2

do endocrine glands have ducts?

Answer 2

no

Question 3

name some overfall functions of the endocrine system

Answer 3

regulation of nutrient metabolsim, H2O and elctrolyte balance
enabling changes to stress
promote growth and development
control reproduction
controlling and integrating activities of cardio and digestive enzymes

Question 4

what are the 3 main classes of hormones?

Answer 4

glycoproteins and peptides (insulin)

steroids e.g testosterone

tyrosine and tryptophan derivatives e.g adrenaline

Question 5

how are amines transported in plasma?

Answer 5

mainly free as hydrophilic

Question 6

how are peptides and proteins transported in plasma?

Answer 6

mainly free as hydrophilic

Question 7

how are steroids transported in the plasma?

Answer 7

bound as hydrophobic

Question 8

are steroids stored anywhere?

Answer 8

no

they are made and released on demand

Question 9

what is the job of carrier proteins?

Answer 9

so carry steroids and thyroxine

they increase the amount transported in blood and prevent rapid excretion by preventing filtration by kidneys

Question 10

what carrier protein binds to cortisol?

Answer 10

cortisol-binding globulin

Question 11

what carrier protein binds to thyroxine?

Answer 11

thyroxine binding globulin

Question 12

how do steroid hormones enter cells/

Answer 12

by diffusion

Question 13

what does the sex steroid-binding globulin mainly bind to?

Answer 13

testosterone

Question 14

what does albumin bind?

Answer 14

steroids and thyroxine

Question 15

what does transthyretin bind?

Answer 15

thyroxine and some steroids

Question 16

what are the main 3 types of hormone receptors?

Answer 16

G -protein coupled receptors
receptor kinases
nuclear receptor

Question 17

which receptors are on the cell surface?

Answer 17

G protein coupled receptors and receptor kinases

Question 18

what are the 3 classes of nuclear receptors?

Answer 18

class 1
class 2
hybrid

Question 19

what activates the class 1 nuclear receptors?

Answer 19

mainly steroids

Question 20

what activates the class 2 nuclear receptors?

Answer 20

mainly lipids

Question 21

what activated the hybrid class nuclear receptors?

Answer 21

thyroid hormone