Diabetes drugs Flashcards
what must you have if you are to take sulphonylureas?
functioning beta cells
name some sulphonylureas?
tolbutamide
gliclazide
glibenclamide
chloropropanide
how do sulphonylureas work?
depolarize beta cells, stimulating release of insulin
what type of drug suppresses the appetite?
Biguanides e.g metaformin
what type of drug is metaformin?
biguanide
why is metaformin good in fat people?
it suppresses appetite
what is the most serious side effect of metaformin?
lactic acidosis
name other side effects of metaformin
nausea
diarrhoea
metallic taste in mouth
when should metformin be avoided
renal failure alcohlism cirrhossis chronic lung disease heart failure mitochondrial myopthy any other serious illnesses
how do TZDs work? (Thiazolidinediones)
bind to receptors in cell nucleus and affect gene expression, decreasing insulin resistsance
name the TZD licensed in the UK?
Pioglitazone
how to GLP-1 analogues work?
they mimic the action of GLP 1 (glucogon like peptide) and are thought to
increase insulin secretion
decrease glucagon secretion
increase insulin sensitivity
name some GLP-1 analogues?
exenatide and liraglutide
what do DDP-4 inhibitors do?
they prevent dipeptyle peptidase -1 (DDP4) inhibiting GLP-1
name some DDp-4 inhibitors?
sitagliptin
vildagliptin
