Thrombosis, embolism and shock Flashcards
Thrombosis is..
The formation of a solid or semi-solid mass from the constituents of the blood while moving within he vascular system
Locations where thrombi may form..
Lumen of heart
Veins
Arties
Capillaries
Embolism is..
The transport of abnormal material by the blood stream and its impacting in a blood vessel
Types of emboli..
Thrombi Fat Gas Tumour material Infective agents Atheroma Amniotic fluid Foreign bodies
What factors promote thrombosis?
abnormalities of the vessel wall
abnormalities of blood flow
abnormalities of blood constituents
abnormalities of clotting
What is shock?
a physiological state characterised by a significant, systemic reduction in tissue perfusion, resulting in decreased tissue oxygen delivery and insufficient removal of cellular metabolic products, resulting in tissue injury
What is hypovolaemic shock?
haemorrhage - internal or external
severe burns
What is cardiogenic shock?
large acute MI
other acute cardiac diseases
What is septic shock?
endotoxins from gram negative bacteria
exotoxins from gram positive bacteria
What is anaphylactic shock?
severe form of allergic reaction
What is a neurogenic shock?
spinal cord trauma
regional anaesthesia
What is obstructive shock?
cardiac tamponade
tension pneumothorax
massive pulmonary embolism
Low systolic BP (90bpm)
Respiratory rate (29)
Low urine output
Metabolic acidosis
Hypoxia
Cutaneous vasoconstriction or vasodilation
Anxiety, agitation, indifference, lethargy, obtunded
Clinical features of shock
