Lower GI Flashcards
What is appendicitis
Acute bacterial infection of the appendix precipitated by the obstruction of the lumen
Symptoms of appendicitis
dull pain, pain doesn’t start where appendix is
rebound tenderness
systemic symptoms
sudden onset inflammation of appendix
hole in appendix gets blocked by often faecal content
Cause of appendicitis
Faecal - blockage of the lumen, causing infection
Cancer
worms
Visceral pain is
referred pain, different location from where the pathology is coming from
Parietal pain is
much more localised
Pseudomembranous colitis
anti-biotic associated
inflammation of the colon
site of mucosal injury
what causes Pseudomembranous colitis
cause by toxins produced by c.diff
resistant to anti-biotic/ strict when giving antibiotics
symptoms of Pseudomembranous colitis
bowel habit changed
abdominal tenderness
fever
Treatment for Pseudomembranous colitis
discontinuation of abx
hydration
specifically anti bacterial therapy
What is inflammatory bowl disease?
Chronic inflammation conditions unknown affecting the GI tract
Two types of inflammatory bowel disease
Chrons
Ulcerative
treatment and compilations are different
unknown of causes
Chrons disease
affects from mouth to anus
whole tract is effected
patchy bits of inflammation
Complications of chron’s
Anemia
Malabsorption; fat vit, bile salts
Fistula; bowel to bowel, to vagina, to bladder, to skin
Skin, eyes joints
Increased risk of bowel carcinoma
Life threatening infections If bowel collapse into stomach
Ulcerative colitis
disease of colon
starts in rectum and ends at colon
effects a superficial layer
mucosal disease
Complications of ulcerative colitis
are similar to chrons
electrolyte loss from diarrhoea
