Lower GI Flashcards

1
Q

What is appendicitis

A

Acute bacterial infection of the appendix precipitated by the obstruction of the lumen

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2
Q

Symptoms of appendicitis

A

dull pain, pain doesn’t start where appendix is
rebound tenderness
systemic symptoms
sudden onset inflammation of appendix
hole in appendix gets blocked by often faecal content

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3
Q

Cause of appendicitis

A

Faecal - blockage of the lumen, causing infection
Cancer
worms

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4
Q

Visceral pain is

A

referred pain, different location from where the pathology is coming from

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5
Q

Parietal pain is

A

much more localised

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6
Q

Pseudomembranous colitis

anti-biotic associated

A

inflammation of the colon

site of mucosal injury

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7
Q

what causes Pseudomembranous colitis

A

cause by toxins produced by c.diff

resistant to anti-biotic/ strict when giving antibiotics

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8
Q

symptoms of Pseudomembranous colitis

A

bowel habit changed
abdominal tenderness
fever

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9
Q

Treatment for Pseudomembranous colitis

A

discontinuation of abx
hydration
specifically anti bacterial therapy

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10
Q

What is inflammatory bowl disease?

A

Chronic inflammation conditions unknown affecting the GI tract

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11
Q

Two types of inflammatory bowel disease

A

Chrons
Ulcerative

treatment and compilations are different
unknown of causes

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12
Q

Chrons disease

A

affects from mouth to anus
whole tract is effected
patchy bits of inflammation

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13
Q

Complications of chron’s

A

Anemia
Malabsorption; fat vit, bile salts
Fistula; bowel to bowel, to vagina, to bladder, to skin
Skin, eyes joints
Increased risk of bowel carcinoma
Life threatening infections If bowel collapse into stomach

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14
Q

Ulcerative colitis

A

disease of colon
starts in rectum and ends at colon
effects a superficial layer
mucosal disease

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15
Q

Complications of ulcerative colitis

A

are similar to chrons

electrolyte loss from diarrhoea

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16
Q

Adenoma =

A

benign tumour of glandular epithelium

17
Q

Polyp =

A

projection above an epithelial surface

18
Q

Neoplastic polyps (adenomas)

A

almost all carcinomas arise from benign adenomas