thorax Flashcards
sternal angle is at which rib
rib 2
what represents a good landmark on the sternum
sternal angle
bottom of sternum is called
xiphoid process
true ribs
ribs 1-7
false ribs
ribs 8-10
floating ribs
ribs 11-12
what does the tubercle of the head of the rib articulate with
transverse process of vertebrae
subcostal groove
houses veins, arteries, and nerves
costochondral joint
rib to costal cartilage
sternocostal joint
sternum and costal cartilage
costovertebral joint
rib with vertebra
atypical rib
1st rib
muscles of the chest wall allow for
increased dynamic deeper breathing or faster expansion
intrinsic muscles of the thorax
- external intercostals
- internal intercostals
- innermost intercostals
fiber direction of external intercostals
down and towards midline
fiber direction of internal intercostals
down and away from midline
main actions of ribcage during normal inspiration
- increased anteroposterior diameter
- increased transverse diameter
- increased vertical diameter (superior inferior expansion)
- total of 3d movement
what muscles are used for quiet breathing
only external intercostal muscles
what muscles are used for forced inspiration or quick breathing
accessory muscles:
- scalene m (raises first two ribs)
- scm (raises manubrium)
- pectoralis and serratus
what muscles for quiet expiration
passive in nature; elastic recoil of lung tissue
what muscles are for forced expiration
- internal intercostals
- abdominal
primary breathing muscles
diaphragm and intercostals
accessory breathing muscles
scm, scalenes, levator costarum, serratus
muscles for inspiration
- scm
- scalenes
- external intercostals
- diaphragm
muscles for expiration
- internal intercostals
- abs
