larynx Flashcards
what makes up the larynx
- 3 large unpaired cartilages (epiglottis, thyroid, cricoid)
- 3 pairs of smaller cartilages (arytenoid, corniculate, and cuneiform)
how many cartilages form the larynx in total
9
the epiglottis is attached to the thyroid cartilage by what
thyro-epiglottic ligament
each lamina has posteriorly a
superior and inferior horn
superior horn of lamina is connected to hyoid bone by
lateral thyrohyoid ligament
the inferior horn of the thyroid lamina articulates with
cricoid cartilage
what runs inferiorly and anteriorly along the thyroid lamina
oblique line
what is found on the oblique line
superior and inferior tubercle
vertical ridge on the posterior surface of cricoid cartilage is the attachment for
esophagus
the sides of the cricoid cartilage have facets for articulation with
inferior horn of thyroid cartilage
the superior surface of the cricoid cartilage has two facets for articulation with
arytenoid cartilage
anterior angle of the base of arytenoid cartilage
vocal process, attachment for vocal ligament
lateral side of arytenoid cartilage is
muscular process, attachment for intrinsic mm
two depressions on arytenoid cartilage
upper: vestibular ligament
lower: vocalis mm
what lies on top of arytenoid cartilage
corniculate cartilage
cuneiform cartilage
anterior to corniculate cartilages
extrinsic ligaments
- thyrohyoid membrane
- hyo-epiglottic ligament
- cricotracheal ligament
posterior border of thyrohyoid membrane forms the
lateral thyrohyoid ligaments
cartilage present in the lateral thyrohyoid ligament is called
triticeal cartilage
anterior border of thyrohyoid membrane forms
median thyrohyoid ligament
hyo-epiglottic ligament
from midline of epiglottis to hyoid bone
cricotracheal ligament
from lower border of cricoid cartilage to 1st tracheal cartilage
what marks the transition from larynx to trachea
cricotracheal ligament
intrinsic ligaments
- cricothyroid ligament
- median cricothyroid ligament
- quadrangular membrane
cricothyroid ligament
from cricoid cartilage to free upper margin (front: thyroid cartilage, back: vocal process of arytenoid cartilage)
median cricothyroid ligament
from anterior cricoid cartilage to anterior thyroid cartilage
* fused with cricothyroid ligament
quadrangular membrane
from lateral margin of epiglottis to anteriolateral surface of arytenoid cartilage
vestibular ligament in relation to vocal ligament
vestibular is more superior and lateral
lower free margin of quadrangular membrane is
vestibular ligament
two laryngeal joints
- cricothyroid joints
2. crico-arytenoid joints
cricothyroid joint action
- move thyroid cartilage FORWARD AND DOWNWARD
- lengthens vocal ligament (talking)
crico-arytenoid joint action
- arytenoid cartilages SLIDE TOGETHER AND ROTATE
- movement of vocal ligaments
- open and close inlet
passage from pharynx to larynx
laryngeal inlet
what folds are above the quadrangular membrane
aryepiglottic fold
interarytenoid notch
depression between 2 corniculate tubercles
portion above the vestibular folds
laryngeal vestibule
portion between vestibular and vocal folds
ventricle
inferior space to vocal folds
infraglottic space
two vocal folds seen from above are called
glottis
rima glottidis
opening between vocal folds
rima vestibuli
opening between vestibular folds
action of cricothyroid m
pulls thyroid cartilage FORWARD and rotates it DOWN
-STRETCHES vocal ligament
action of cricothyroid m occurs where
cricothyroid joint
innervation of cricothyroid m
external laryngeal n (vagus n)
all mm of the larynx are innervated by what cranial nerve
vagus n
all mm of larynx are supplied by ___ n except for __ which is supplied by ___ n
all mm of larynx are supplied by RECURRENT LARYNGEAL N except for CRICOTHYROID M which is supplied by EXTERNAL LARYNGEAL N
action of posterior crico-arytenoid m
- abduction of arytenoid cartilages
- abduction (OPENING) of vocal folds
- opening of rima glottidis
action of lateral crico-arytenoid m
adduction/closing of vocal folds
transverse arytenoid m action
- adduction of arytenoid cartilage
- closing rima glottidis
oblique arytenoid m
- narrows laryngeal inlet
- adduct arytenoid cartilage
- closes rima glottidis
if you cut the vagus n, what is affected
phonation and swallowing
vocalis mm
- origin: arytenoid cartilage
- inserts: along vocal ligament
- action: adjust tension of vocal folds
thyroarytenoid mm
- relaxes vocal ligament
- narrows laryngeal inlet
what artery travels with the recurrent laryngeal n
inferior laryngeal a
venous drainage superiorly occurs by
superior laryngeal vein => superior thyroid vein => IJV
venous drainage inferiorly occurs by
inferior laryngeal vein => inferior thyroid vein => subclavian vein
what supplies laryngeal cavity from top up to vocal folds
internal laryngeal n
what supplies laryngeal cavity below vocal folds
recurrent laryngeal n
cricothyroid m origin
arch of cricothyroid
cricothyroid m insertion
oblique part: inferior horn of thyroid cartilage
straight part: inferior border of thyroid cartilage
posterior crico-arytenoid m origin
posterior surface of cricoid
posterior crico-arytenoid m insertion
muscular process of arytenoid cartilage
lateral crico-arytenoid m origin
arch of the cricothyroid
lateral crico-arytenoid m insertion
muscular process of arytenoid
transverse arytenoid m origin
posterior surface of arytenoid
transverse arytenoid m insertion
posterior surface of opposite arytenoid
oblique arytenoid m origin
muscular process of one arytenoid cartilage
oblique arytenoid m insertion
- apex of opposite arytenoid cartilage
- aryepiglottic m fibers
- aryepiglottic fold
vocalis m origin
- vocal process
- anterolateral surface of arytenoid cartilage
vocalis m insertion
ipsilateral vocal ligament
thyro-arytenoid m origin
- lower half of thyroid angle
- adjacent external surface of cricothyroid ligament
thyro-arytenoid m insertion
-anterolateral surface of arytenoid cartilage
