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DDS1-gross anatomy > neck -posterior triangle > Flashcards

neck -posterior triangle Flashcards

1
Q

two smaller triangles of posterior triangle

A

occipital and omoclavicular (subclavian)

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2
Q

what is the reference point for the anterior and posterior triangles

A

sternocleidomastoid muscle

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3
Q

what separates the two posterior triangles

A

inferior belly of omohyoid m

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4
Q

borders of posterior triangle

A

anterior: posterior border of SCM
posterior: anterior border of trapezius m
inferior: middle 1/3 of clavicle
superior: occipital bone (post to mastoid process)
roof: investing layer
floor: prevertebral cervical fascia

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5
Q

two heads of scm m

A

sternal head and clavicular head

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6
Q

origin of sternal head

A

anterior surface of manubrium

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7
Q

origin of clavicular head

A

superior surface of medial 1/3 of clavicle

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8
Q

insertion of scm m

A

lateral surface of mastoid process and superior nuchal line

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9
Q

action of scm m (unilateral)

A

lateral flexion (same) and rotation (opposite)

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10
Q

action of scm m (bilateral)

A

extension of head and flexion of the neck

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11
Q

innervation of scm m

A

accessory n and branches of AC (propriocepton)

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12
Q

origin of trapezius m

A

1) superior nuchal line
2) external occipital protuberance
3) nuchal ligament
4) spinous process (C7-T12)

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13
Q

insertion of trapezius m

A
  • clavicle

- scapula

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14
Q

unilateral action of trapezius m

A

lateral flexion (same)

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15
Q

bilateral action of trapezius m

A

extends neck

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16
Q

other functions of trapezius m

A

rotate, elevate, and depress scapula

elevates and depresses shoulder

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17
Q

innervation of trap m

A
  • accessory n

- AC => C2 and C3 (proprioception)

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18
Q

insertion splenius capitis m

A
  • mastoid process

- skull below superior nuchal line

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19
Q

bilateral action of splenius capitis

A

extension (head back)

20
Q

unilateral action of splenius capitis

A
  • flex head laterally (same)

- rotates face (same!)

21
Q

origin of anterior scalene m

A

transverse processes of cervical vertebrae

22
Q

insertion of anterior scalene m

23
Q

scalene muscles and SCM aid in what?

A

forced inspiration (by elevation of ribs and sternum)

24
Q

origin of middle scalene m

A

transverse process of c vertebrae

25
Q

insertion of middle scalene m

A

upper surface of RIB 1

26
Q

origin of posterior scalene m

A

transverse processes of c vertebrae

27
Q

insertion of posterior scalene m

A

upper surface of RIB 2

28
Q

bilateral action of scalene muscles

A
  • flex neck (all)
  • elevate RIB 1 (anterior and middle)
  • elevate RIB 2 (posterior)
29
Q

unilateral action of scalene muscles

A

all will flex neck laterally (same side)

30
Q

inferior belly of omohyoid muscle

A

origin: superior border of scapula
insertion: intermediate tendon
action: depress and fix hyoid bone
innerv: ansa cervicalis

31
Q

subclavian Artery

A

1st part: medial to anterior scalene m
2nd part: passes BEHIND anterior scalene m
3rd part: emerges lateral to anterior scalene m

32
Q

subclavian vein

A
  • anterior to and lower than subclavian a

- sits on the anterior scalene m

33
Q

external jugular vein

A
  • on top of scm

- drains into subclavian v

34
Q

accessory nerve

A

passes through the anterior triangle to supply SCM and posterior triangle to supply trapezius m

35
Q

cervical plexus

A

cutaneous (superficial) = sensory

muscular (deep) = motor

36
Q

what are the cutaneous (superficial) branches

A
  • lesser occipital
  • greater auricular
  • transverse cervical
  • supraclavicular
37
Q

lesser occipital n

A
  • branches from C2
  • goes up along the posterior border of scm
  • supplies: skin of neck, scalp behind ear
38
Q

greater auricular n

A
  • branches from c2 and c3
  • goes up the scm to base of ear
  • supplies: auricle, scalp (behind ear), skin of parotid region and parotid gland, skin from angle of mandible to mastoid
39
Q

what supplies the angle of mandible

A

greater auricular nerve

40
Q

transverse cervical nerve

A
  • branches from c2 to c3
  • passes below greater auricular n
  • goes horizontally across scm to supply lateral and anterior parts of neck
41
Q

supraclavicular nerves

A
  • from c3 to c4
  • descend after emerging from post border of scm
  • supply: skin over clavicle and shoulder to RIB 2
42
Q

motor nerves

A
  • phrenic

- ansa cervicalis

43
Q

phrenic nerve

A
  • part of cervical plexus
  • goes to diaphragm
  • motor and sensory to diaphragm
44
Q

phrenic nerve is found

A
  • on anterior scalene m

- lateral to vagus

45
Q

ansa cervicalis

A
  • c1 to c3

- supplies supperior and inferior belly of omohyoid m, sternohyoid m, sternothyroid m

46
Q

brachial plexus

A
  • 3 trunks

- found between anterior and middle scalene muscles

DDS1-gross anatomy (39 decks)

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