spine

Question 1

how many vert in C, T, L, S, Co

Answer 1

7, 12, 5, 5, 4

Question 2

what is seen in the primary curve

Answer 2

kyphosis (persists in T and S)

Question 3

what is seen in the secondary curve

Answer 3

lordosis (C and L)

Question 4

bifid spinous process, short transverse process, transverse foramen, uncus at lateral part of vert body

Answer 4

cervical

Question 5

what passes through the transverse foramen

Answer 5

vertebral artery

Question 6

uncovertebral joints or the joints of lushka are found where

Answer 6

cervical vertebrae only

Question 7

upward projections on lateral margins of vertebral body

Answer 7

uncinate processes

Question 8

uncinate processes articulate with level above to form

Answer 8

uncovertebral joint (or Joints of Lushka)

Question 9

spinous process replaced by posterior tubercle and arch

Answer 9

atlas

Question 10

large superior articular facet

Answer 10

atlas and axis

Question 11

lack of vert body

Answer 11

atlas

Question 12

odontoid process

Answer 12

axis

Question 13

superior and inferior demifacet

Answer 13

T vertebra

Question 14

foramen on sacrum

Answer 14

anterior sacral foramen

Question 15

action of C1 (atlas)

Answer 15

yes movement

Question 16

action of C2 (axis) with C1

Answer 16

no movement

Question 17

action of C region

Answer 17

movement in all directions

Question 18

action of T region

Answer 18

• stability (connection to ribs)

- rotation

Question 19

L region action

Answer 19

• flexion/extension
• lateral flexion
• limited rotation

Question 20

orientation of facets

Answer 20

C: large and flat
T: face ant/post
L: saggital

Question 21

anterior long ligament

Answer 21

limits extension

Question 22

post long ligament, ligamentum flavum, interspinous ligament, and supraspinous ligament

Answer 22

limit flexion

Question 23

intertransverse ligament

Answer 23

limits side flexion

Question 24

runs from lamina to lamina

Answer 24

ligamentum flavum

Question 25

inside of IV disc

Answer 25

nucleus pulposus

Question 26

outside of IV disc

Answer 26

anulus fibrosus

Question 27

muscles of scapula

Answer 27

• trapezius
• rhomboids
• serratus anterior

Question 28

muscle of humerus

Answer 28

lattissumus

Question 29

erector spinae group

Answer 29

• spinalis
• longissimus
• iliocostalis

Question 30

function of erector spinae group

Answer 30

extend spine

Question 31

origin and insertion of spinalis

Answer 31

spinous process to spinous process above

Question 32

origin and insertion of longissimus

Answer 32

transverse process to transverse process and ribs

Question 33

origin and insertion of iliocostalis

Answer 33

iliac crest to transverse process and ribs

Question 34

transversospinalis group

Answer 34

• semispinalis
• multifidus
• rotatores

Question 35

origin of transversospinalis mm

Answer 35

transverse processes

Question 36

insertion of semispinalis

Answer 36

4-6 above origin

Question 37

insertion of multifidus

Answer 37

2-4 above origin

Question 38

insertion of rotatores

Answer 38

1-2 above origin

Question 39

unilateral action of transversospinalis mm

Answer 39

rotate

Question 40

bilateral action of transversospinalis mm

Answer 40

extend spine (weak)

Question 41

2 posterior abdominal wall muscles

Answer 41

• iliopsoas

- quadratus lumborum

Question 42

iliopsoas

Answer 42

flex spine and hip

Question 43

quadratus lumborum runs from

Answer 43

transverse process of L region to superior pelvis

Question 44

quadratus lumborum action

Answer 44

uni: side bend the spine
bilateral: flex spine (weak)