Thermoregulatory System🌡 Flashcards
What is a pigs normal body temperature?
38.7-38.9 Degrees Celsius
What a humans normal body temperature?
36.1-37.2 Degrees Celsius
What is a dogs normal body temperature?
37.9-39.9 degrees celsius
What is a chickens normal body temperature?
40.6-43 degrees celsius
What are the three components within the feedback loop?
- Receptor- (group of cells which detect stimuli)
- Control centre- (receive and processes information from receptors)
- Effectors- (bring about responses to restore optimum levels)
Define endotherms
- Species that regulate their own constant body temperature are known as endothermic species
Define negative feedback loop
- Each species has their own set temperature which needs to be maintained constant
How do negative feedback loops control temperature?
- Thermoreceptor- (detect body temperature changes)
- Thermoregulatory centre- (hypothalamus receives and processes information from the receptors)
- Effectors- (different mechanisms being about changes to bring body back to set temperature
What is the hypothalamus (control centre for homeostasis) responsible for?
- Thermoregulation
- Osmoregulation
- The release of hormones from the pituitary gland
When an animal gets too hot what centre is activated within the hypothalamus?
- Heat loss centre
When an animal gets too cold what centre is activated within the hypothalamus?
- Heat gain centre
What is thermoregulation?
- To maintain its core internal temperature
What happens within vasoconstriction?
- In colder temperatures, the muscular wall of the arterioles constrict so less blood flows to the capillaries in the surface of skin; retaining heat
What happens within vasodilation?
In warmer temperatures the muscular wall of the arterioles dilate so more blood flows to the surface of the skin, increasing vascular its and aiding heat loss through convection
What is the structure and function of the pilli erector muscles?
- Structure- tiny muscle that attaches to the base of a hair follicle
- Function- to generate heat, the arrector pilli muscles contract
Define endotherm
- When body temperature is regulated by internal sources
Define ectotherm
- When body temperature is regulated by external sources