Muscle

Question 1

What type of muscle would be found in the following structures?
1. Leg
2. Heart
3. Stomach

Answer 1

1. Leg- skeletal
2. Heart- cardiac
3. Stomach- smooth

Question 2

Name the two contractile proteins found in muscle tissue

Answer 2

1. Actin (thin protein filaments)
2. Myosin (thick protein filaments)

Question 3

Give an example of antagonistic pair of muscles

Answer 3

1. Biceps and triceps

Question 4

Describe the sliding filament theory of muscle concentration

Answer 4

1. Muscle is made up of repeated units called sarcomeres
2. Actin and myosin filaments are used
3. Myosin are thick filaments, actin are thin filaments
4. The filaments slide past each other during contraction- this shortens the sarcomeres and muscle as a whole
5. Calcium binds to the protein troponin and pulls it to one side, moving tropomyosin which is wrapped around actin filaments
6. Myosin binding sites are exposed/ cross bridges are formed when myosin heads bind to actin
7. Energy is provided by ATP
8. The process is triggered by calcium and an action potential