Theories and Models 3

Question 1

Design an intervention and target areas of TPB

Answer 1

ATTITUDE
- encourage participation that is fun
- educate beliefs of PA
SUBJECTIVE NORM
- Partake in group classes
- power of social support
PERCEIVED BEHAVIOURAL CONTROL
- Allows individual input on designing PA
- educate on overcoming behaviours

Question 2

Variables Influencing the INTENTION BEHAVIOUR GAP

Answer 2

A.I.H.I.I.

Question 3

Transtheoretical model of change

factors influencing stage progression

Strategies, experiental and behavioural

Pros/cons

Answer 3

Precontemplation: Unaware of problem
Contemplation: Aware and wants to change
preparation: intends to take action
Action: practices behaviour
Maintenance: Works to sustain the behaviour change. 6 months
Relapse: old habits, return

Experiential, modify thought patters
Behavioural, Social support and rewards

Decisional balance and self efficacy

Question 4

Using self-efficacy and a TTM to develop PA

Intervention:
* 24-week theory-based physical activity program that aims to change the way subjects think and behave in relation to physical activity and a traditionally structured exercise program

Measures:
* Questionnaires on physical activity, stage of change, processes of change, and self-efficacy were completed at baseline, 24 weeks, and 48 weeks.

Results:
intervention
how many maintained? positive changes in?
and control group

Answer 4

27 of the 29 participants in the treatment group and 17 participants in the control group completed the study.

• Significant positive changes in measures of eight processes of change, self-efficacy, physical activity, and cardiorespiratory fitness in the treatment group at 24 weeks.
• All but one of these changes were maintained at 48 weeks.
• In the control group, significant changes occurred in only two processes of change, and no change
  occurred in self-efficacy, physical activity, or cardiorespiratory fitness at 24 or 48 weeks.

Question 5

SEM BEYOND

what is in each model

Social support
The environment
policies

Answer 5

SELF EFFICACY- situational confidence

Role of family, friends and healthcare providers

Built changes, more green sapce, sidewalks, gyms and work

Tax benefits for activity
financial support to have more PE teachers

Question 6

Key Point

• Individual-level factors are only one of multiple levels of influence on behavior
• Individuals are responsible for engaging in healthful behaviors, but other levels of influence on health behavior exist as well:
• Physical environment
• Community
• Society
• Government
• Integrative models, such as the TTM, and “big-picture” approaches like the SEM are appealing when translating research into practice
• SEM provides a template for consideration of interventions at MULTIPLE LEVELS