The upper abdomen, peritoneum and viscera

Question 1

Organs behind the peritoneum are ________.

Answer 1

Retroperitoneal

Question 2

What is the purpose of the peritoneal cavity?

Answer 2

Potential space within the sac contains a small amount of serous fluid that allows organs to move freely without friction

Question 3

What happens if the potential space in the peritoneal cavity becomes an actual space?

Answer 3

Becomes an ascite- can fill up with several liters of fluid. woa

Question 4

Where do vessels tend to travel?

Answer 4

between the peritoneal layers

Question 5

What ligament is associated with the greater omentum?

Answer 5

The gastrocolic ligament.

Question 6

What is the purpose of the gastrocolic ligament?

Answer 6

It drapes over the small intestines like an apron- it can wall off infections and inflammation sites

Question 7

Where are the greater and lesser omentum attached to?

Answer 7

Greater omentum is attached to the greater curvature of the stomach
Lesser omentum is attached to the lesser curvature of the stomach

Question 8

How is the lesser omentum connected to the liver?

Answer 8

Hepatogastric ligament connects the liver to the stomach

Hepatoduodenal ligament connects the liver to the duodenum and contains the portal triad

Question 9

What is the portal triad?

Answer 9

It is comprised of the hepatic artery, portal vein, and bile duct

Question 10

What is the purpose of the mesentary proper?

Answer 10

It anchors most of the small intestine to the posterior abdominal wall

Question 11

What is the duodenum anchored to the abdominal wall by?

Answer 11

by the suspensory ligament of Treitz

Question 12

T/F the suspensory ligament of Treitz is a fibrous ligament?

Answer 12

False, it is a fibromuscular ligament.

Question 13

What is the purpose of the suspensory ligament of Treitz?

Answer 13

It keeps the juodenaljejunal junction from sagging

Question 14

What is the purpose of the mesocolon?

Answer 14

It anchors portions of the colon to the posterior abdominal wall.

Question 15

Do the ascending and descending colon have mesentary?

Answer 15

Nope

Question 16

How is the ascending and descending colon anchored?

Answer 16

It is attached directly to the posterior wall

Question 17

How is the transverse colon anchored?

Answer 17

Via the transverse mesocolon

Question 18

How is the sigmoid colon anchored?

Answer 18

Via the sigmoid mesocolon

Question 19

T/F the rectum is only partly covered with peritoneum?

Answer 19

Truth

Question 20

What does the falciform ligament do?

Answer 20

1. It divides the liver into right and left lobes

2. It anchors the liver to the diaphragm and anterior body wall

Question 21

The round ligament comes off of what?

Answer 21

The falciform ligament

Question 22

What does the coronary ligament do?

Answer 22

It attaches the liver to the inferior surface of the diaphragm

Question 23

The coronary ligament borders what?

Answer 23

The bare area (upper posterior) of the liver

Question 24

____ covers the fetal urachus

Answer 24

1 median umbilical fold

Question 25

2 medial umbilical folds cover _____

Answer 25

the fetal umbilical arteries

Question 26

2 lateral umbilical folds cover _____

Answer 26

the inferior epigastric vessels

Question 27

Peritoneal pouches are potential spaces in _____ patients.

Answer 27

Standing

Question 28

What are the two peritoneal pouches?

Answer 28

Hepatorenal pouch | Rectovesical/retrouterine pouch

Question 29

Clinically speaking, what can accumulate in the peritoneal pouches?

Answer 29

pathological fluids

Question 30

What is the hepatorenal pouch bound by? (4 things)

Answer 30

the liver, right kidney, colon, and duodenum

Question 31

Which one is more superior, the hepatorenal pouch or rectovesical/rectouterine pouch?

Answer 31

the hepatorenal pouch

Question 32

Know how the pouches can drain into each other.

Answer 32

Okay

Question 33

Where is the rectovesical/rectouterine pouch located?

Answer 33

between the rectum and uterus

Question 34

What is the liver's job?

Answer 34

detoxifies chemical products and produces bile

Question 35

What is the gall bladder's job?

Answer 35

stores bile for emulsification of fats

Question 36

What does the pancreas do?

Answer 36

It produces enzymes for digestion

Question 37

What does the spleen do?

Answer 37

It produces lymphocytes and filters blood

Question 38

What does the stomach do?

Answer 38

It stores food prior to entering the duodenum

Question 39

What does the small intestine do?

Answer 39

It is for primary chemical digestion

Question 40

What does the large intestine do?

Answer 40

it is secondary for chemical digestion

Question 41

What is the kidney's job?

Answer 41

Filter waste products out of blood

Question 42

What do the adrenal glands do?

Answer 42

Cortex that produce steroid hormones and medulla acts as a sympathethic ganglia

Question 43

The gallbladder is attached to what, where?

Answer 43

To the inferior surface of the liver

Question 44

The gallbladder receives ___ produced by the liver via bile ducts.

Answer 44

bile

Question 45

Bile drains into the _______ through bile ducts.

Answer 45

duodenum

Question 46

T/F, right and left hepatic ducts receive bile from right and left lobes of the liver?

Answer 46

true

Question 47

The common hepatic duct receives what?

Answer 47

Bile via the right and left hepatic ducts

Question 48

T/F the cystic duct is connected to the duodenum?

Answer 48

False, it runs into the common hepatic duct

Question 49

The common bile duct receives which ducts?

Answer 49

The cystic and common hepatic ducts

Question 50

The common bile duct joins the ___ _______ ___.

Answer 50

main pancreatic duct

Question 51

Both the common bile and main pancreatic ducts empty into the ______ ______ _____.

Answer 51

Major duodenal papilla

Question 52

What are the 5 regions of the pancreas?

Answer 52

``` Head Neck Body Tail Uncinate process ```

Question 53

Where does the main pancreatic duct enter?

Answer 53

The duodenum at the major duodenal papilla

Question 54

T/F the pattern of pancreatic drainage is set.

Answer 54

False, it's variable

Question 55

The spleen has a diaphragmatic surface along which ribs?

Answer 55

9-11

Question 56

The celiac trunk supplies which structures?

Answer 56

The liver, gallbladder, esophagus, stomach, pancreas, & spleen

Question 57

What are the three main branches of the celiac trunk?

Answer 57

The common hepatic The left gastric The splenic artery

Question 58

What are the two terminal branches of the common hepatic artery?

Answer 58

Proper hepatic | Gastroduodenal

Question 59

What is the course of the proper hepatic artery?

Answer 59

As the superior branch of the hepatic artery, it runs towards the liver, medial to the bile duct and then it splits into right and left hepatic arteries

Question 60

What is the inferior branch of the common hepatic artery?

Answer 60

The gastroduodenal artery

Question 61

Where does the gastroduodenal artery run toward and what are its branches?

Answer 61

The gastroduodenal artery runs towards the junction of the stomach and duodenum. Two branches: 1. Pancreaticoduodenal artery- supplies pancreas, duodenal 2. Right gastroepiploic- supplies the greater curvature of the stomach

Question 62

The left gastric artery is the ______ branch of the celiac trunk.

Answer 62

Superior

Question 63

The left gastric artery runs left towards the ____ ___ ___ ___ ____?

Answer 63

Lesser curvature of the stomach

Question 64

What does the left gastric artery supply?

Answer 64

the stomach and esophagus (via esophageal branches)

Question 65

The splenic artery runs towards the ____.

Answer 65

spleen

Question 66

The splenic artery supplies what two structures?

Answer 66

the pancreas and the spleen

Question 67

What arteries supply the greater curvature of the stomach and what are they branches of?

Answer 67

The short gastric and the left gastroepiploic arteries are branches of the splenic artery and supply the greater curvature of the stomach

Question 68

T/F, there are many common variations of the hepatic artery.

Answer 68

T

Question 69

What does the cystic artery supply?

Answer 69

the gall bladder and the cystic duct