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GI tract > Pelvis and Pelvic Floor > Flashcards

Pelvis and Pelvic Floor Flashcards

1
Q

There are two regions of the pelvis- what are they and what divides them?

A

False (greater) pelvis- above the pelvic brim and the true (lesser) pelvis- below the pelvic brim

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2
Q

In the false pelvis, the pelvic inlet is continuous with what?

A

The abdominal cavity

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3
Q

In the true pelvis, the pelvic inlet is what?

A

closed off below by the muscular pelvic floor

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4
Q

The pelvic cavity is lined by what?

A

peritoneum

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5
Q

Inferior to the pelvic inlet, what vertebrae are found?

A

1 sacrum (5 fused vertebrae) and 2 os coxae (ilium, ischium and pubis)

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6
Q

Know all of the bony landmarks of the pelvis and os coxae

A

ok

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7
Q

What is the reason for the sexual dimporhpism of the pelvis?

A

To accommodate for childbirth

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8
Q

What are the differences in the pelvis between men and women? (6)

A
  1. Oval pelvic brim in women vs heart shaped pelvic brim in men
  2. shorter pubic symphysis in women
  3. much wider pubic arch in women
  4. more flared iliac wings in women
  5. ischial tuberosities are further apart in women
  6. the sacrum is shorter and less curved in women
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9
Q

What does the pubic symphysis do?

A

it connects the two pubic bones

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10
Q

What does the obturator membrane do?

A

it closes off the obturator foramen (which is the lower border of obturator canal)

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11
Q

What is the lower border of the lesser sciatic foramen?

A

The sacrotuberous ligament

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12
Q

What is the lower border of the greater siatic foramen?

A

The sacrospinous ligmament

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13
Q

Go get a model of a pelvis and study it

A

you got it

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14
Q

The piriformis muscle acts on which joint and arises from where and passes through which foramen?

A

Arises from pelvis to act on hip joint. It passes through the greater sciatic foramen

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15
Q

The obturator internus muscle arises from where, acts on what, and passes through which foramen?

A

Arises in pelvis to act on hip joint. Passes through the lesser sciatic foramen

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16
Q

What is purpose of the pelvic floor?

A

It separates the pelvic cavity from the perineum

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17
Q

What is the largest component of the pelvic diaphragm?

A

Levator ani muscles

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18
Q

What are the three levator ani muscles?

A

Iliococcygeus
Pubococcygeus
Puborectalis

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19
Q

T/F the greater sciatic foramen is seen only below the piriformis muscle?

A

False- it’s seen above and below the piriformis muscle

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20
Q

The sciatic nerve travels where?

A

inferior to the piriformis muscle and superior to the sacrospinous ligament

21
Q

The perineum is made up of two triangles. What are the two triangles between the thigh?

A

Urogenital triangle and anal triangle

22
Q

What passes through the urogenital triangle?

A

Urinary and genital systems

Deep transverse perineal muscles or UG diaphragm

23
Q

What passes through the anal triangle?

A

The rectum and anus

Pelvic floor muscles or pelvic diaphragm

24
Q

What is the role of the ureters?

A

Transports urine from kidneys to bladder

25
Q

In males and females, what is the structure that crosses the ureters?

A

Male- ductus deferens

Female- uterine arteries

26
Q

What does the urinary bladder do?

A

It stores urine prior to expulsion through the urethra

27
Q

What is the smooth muscle of the urinary bladder?

A

detrusor urinae

28
Q

The female urethra pierces where?

A

the anterior portion of the UG diaphragm between the bladder and external urethral orifice

29
Q

Where is the rectum located?

A

In the true pelvis, superior to the pelvic floor

30
Q

The rectum is normally constricted by what?

A

The puborectal sling

31
Q

The puborectal sling is made of what?

A

the u-shaped puborectalis muscle

32
Q

Where are ovaries housed?

A

They are encapsulated and housed in the true pelvis

33
Q

What do ovaries produce?

A

the ova and female hormones (one ovum released per cycle)

34
Q

What is the purpose of the uterine/fallopian tubes?

A

muscular tubes for transport of the ovum to the uterus

35
Q

What are the three parts of the fallopian tubes?

A

isthmus, ampulla infindibulum, and fimbriae

36
Q

The uterus can enlarge how many times during pregnancy?

A

20 times

37
Q

T/F the uterus is usually anteverted and at a right angle to the vaginal canal?

A

True

38
Q

Does the position of the uterus change depending on the bladder and pregnancy?

A

yep

39
Q

The inferior neck of the uterus opens into where?

A

Opens to vagina as external os and uterus as internal os

40
Q

What is the vaginal fornix?

A

Circular gutter surrounding the cervix

41
Q

Uterine ligaments:

A

See slide 39- maybe draw or just practice identifying and know their purpose?

42
Q

T/F the perineum is part of the pelvic diaphragm?

A

False. It is not

43
Q

T/F the external sphincter muscles are continuous with deep transverse perineal muscles

A

truth

44
Q

As the bladder fills, which way does it expand?

A

superiorly

45
Q

Are fallopian tubes muscular or non-muscular tubes?

A

muscular

46
Q

The suspensory uterine ligament does what?

A

It acts like the mesenteric ligaments from earlier lectures

47
Q

Which uterine ligament anchors the ovary to the uterus?

A

The ovarian ligament

48
Q

Which ligament is a continuation of the ovarian ligament?

A

The round ligament of uterus

GI tract (14 decks)

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