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GI tract > Pelvic Neurovasculature > Flashcards

Pelvic Neurovasculature Flashcards

1
Q

The internal iliac artery has ___ branches. How many posterior and how many anterior?

A

10 branches
3 Posterior
7 Anterior

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2
Q

What does the internal iliac supply?

A

The pelvic organs and gluteal region

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3
Q

What does the iliolumbar artery supply?

A

Medial ilium and L5

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4
Q

What does the lateral sacral artery supply?

A

Sacrum and ventral sacral nerves

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5
Q

What does the superior gluteal artery supply?

A

supplies gluteal muscles with the superior gluteal nerve

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6
Q

What does the inferior gluteal artery supply?

A

supplies gluteal muscles with inferior gluteal nerves

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7
Q

T/F the superior and inferior gluteal arteries BOTH exit the pelvis via the greater sciatic foramen?

A

You know that’s right

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8
Q

What are the spinal levels for the superior gluteal artery?

A

between L5 & S1 superior to the piriformis muscle

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9
Q

What are the spinal levels for the inferior gluteal artery?

A

Between S2-S3 inferior to the piriformis muscle

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10
Q

What does the internal pudendal artery supply?

A

the urogenital and anal triangles

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11
Q

Where does the internal pudendal artery exit and enter the pelvis?

A

Exits via the greater sciatic foramen and enters via the lesser sciatic foramen

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12
Q

T/F the internal pudendal artery runs with the pudendal nerve?

A

true!

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13
Q

What forms the pudendal canal?

A

The fascia of obturator internus muscle

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14
Q

What does the pudendal canal carry?

A

internal pudendal artery and pudendal nerve

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15
Q

Where is the pudendal canal found?

A

It runs anteriorly along the ischiopubic ramus towards the urogential triangle (supplies it)

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16
Q

The umbilical artery sends off 3-4 ____ ____ ____.

A

Superior vesical arteries

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17
Q

The umbilical artery terminates as what?

A

The medial umbilical ligament

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18
Q

What does the obturator artery supply?

A

The medial thigh, along with obturator nerve

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19
Q

T/F- the obturator artery anastomoses with the inferior epigastric vessels?

A

True

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20
Q

What is the anastomosing between the obturator and inferior epigastric arteries called? Why?

A

Corona mortis- the crown of death

Damage to it opens up both the internal and external iliac systems- death results in minutes

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21
Q

What does the uterine artery supply?

A

The uterus, cervix, and superior vaginal canal.

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22
Q

What does the uterine artery anastomose with?

A

Ovarian artery from the aorta

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23
Q

What structure runs with the uterine artery?

A

The ureters, inferiorly

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24
Q

The vaginal artery supplies what?

A

inferior vagina and adjacent bladder and rectum

25
Q

The inferior vesical artery supplies what?

A

the posterior inferior bladder, ureter, seminal vesical and prostate

26
Q

Where is the ureter in relation to the inferior vesical/vaginal artery?

A

it is superior to it

27
Q

What does the superior rectal artery supply?

A

the rectum

28
Q

What does the middle rectal artery anastomose with?

A

With the superior rectal artery (from the Inferior mesenteric artery) and inferior rectal artery (from the internal pudendal artery)

29
Q

During a hysterectomy, what can be cut, causing serious complications?

A

The ureter. The uterine artery is tied off and the ureter sits right between the uterine artery and the vaginal artery. You kind of need your ureters..

30
Q

The internal iliac vein is responsible for what?

A

the venous drainage of the pelvis

31
Q

T/F all arteries in the pelvis are accompanied by veins of the same name?

A

True

32
Q

In the pelvis, where does most venous return ultimately go?

A

to the inferior vena cava

33
Q

The pelvic venous plexus is a network of veins that surrounds the bladder, prostate/uterus, and rectum. Is there intercommunication and are there valves?

A

There is intercommunication and there are no valves, so venous hypertension can occur and tumor cells can be transported all over the place

34
Q

In the sacral plexus, which nerves are responsible for somatic innervation? (3)

A

Sciatic, gluteal, and pudendal nerves

35
Q

The sacral plexus comprises which vertebrae?

A

L4-S4

36
Q

Sympathetic fibers from the prevertebral plexus are at what spinal levels?

A

T10-L2(3)

37
Q

Sympathetic fibers from the sacral splanchnic nerves are at what spinal levels?

A

S2-S4

38
Q

Sacral parasympathetic fibers are found a which spinal levels?

A

S-2-S4

39
Q

Parasympathetics in the pelvis are carried by which nerves?

A

Pelvic splanchnic nerves

40
Q

The superior hypogastric plexus contains mostly ____ fibers.

A

sympathetic fibers

41
Q

What does the superior hypogastric plexus cover?

A

the bifurcation of the aorta and upper sacrum

42
Q

The superior hypogastric plexus condenses to form ___ hypogastric nerves

A

2

43
Q

The hypogastric nerve descends and becomes what?

A

The inferior hypogastric plexus

44
Q

T/F the inferior hypogastric plexus contains both sympathetic and parasympathetic fibers?

A

True

45
Q

What is the main autonomic plexus of the pelvis?

A

the inferior hypogastric plexus

46
Q

T/F the sympathetic chains are in line with the vertebrae?

A

True

47
Q

The pelvic sympathetic fibers converge and terminate where and become what?

A

Terminate anterior to the coccyx as the ganglion impar

48
Q

What are the Sacral splanchnic nerves?

A

Tiny Sympathetic fibers off the sympathetic chain

49
Q

What are the Pelvic splanchnic nerves?

A

Tiny Parasympathetic fibers off S2-S4

50
Q

Splanchnic nerve is closely related to which two structures?

A

Lateral rectum and uterus

51
Q

What can easily be injured during rectal surgery or a radical hysterectomy?

A

Splanchnic nerve

52
Q

What happens if your splanchnic nerve is damaged?

A

results in impaired bladder control or sexual function

53
Q

In which direction do lymphatics drain in the abdominal and pelvic regions?

A

Superficial to deep

- superficial below umbilicus- moves inferiorly to inguinal- then deep- then superiorly

54
Q

T/F each organ has its own lymphatic drainage?

A

True

55
Q

Lymphatic vessels and nodes lie along what?

A

the aorta, IVC and iliac vessels

56
Q

The lymphatics travel through what?

A

vessels, nodes, and cisterna

57
Q

Right lymphatic duct drains what?

A

Right head and neck
Right upper limb
Right upper thorax

58
Q

The Thoracic lymphatic duct drains what?

A 
Left head and neck
Left upper limb
Remainder of thorax
Abdomen
Pelvis
Lower limbs
59
Q

Which lymphatic duct drains the abdomen and pelvis?

A

The thoracic duct

GI tract (14 decks)

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