The Stomach. Flashcards
What is the function of the stomach?
The chemical and mechanical digestion of food.
The stomach is located between what ribs?
Between ribs 9 and 12.
Where is the stomach located relative to the liver?
It is located right behind the liver.
Does the stomach make contact with the liver?
Yes.
What are the 4 sections that the stomach is divided into?
The cardia.
The fundus.
The body (corpus).
The pylorus.
Where is the cardia of the stomach located?
It is the section that lies next to the oesophogeal opening.
The cardia is technically part of what major area of the stomach?
The fundus.
The cardia is located opposite what rib?
The 9th intercostal space.
What is the only fixed point of the stomach?
The cardia as it is the point where the stomach is attached to the oesophagus.
This means that it is only firmly attached to the oesophagus meaning that the rest of the stomach is free.
What happens if the stomach rotates around its fixed point with the oesophagus?
It can cause complications such as bloating where gases are trapped in the stomach causing it to expand.
The fundus of the stomach is found on what side of the median plane?
On the left side of the median plane.
Where is the body of the stomach located, relative to the median plane?
Along the median plane.
Where is the pylorus of the stomach located relative to the median plane?
On the right side of the median plane.
Does the stomach have parietal or visceral surfaces?
It comes into contact with the walls of the body and with organs meaning that it has parietal and visceral surfaces.
What part of the body does the fundus of the stomach make contact with?
With the body wall between rib 9 and rib 12.
The pylorus is subdivided into what 2 regions?
The pyloric antrum.
The pyloric canal.
In the cat, where is the pyloric antrum and pyloric canal located relative to the median plane?
On the left of the midline.
Only the pyloric canal is on the right side.
In the cat, where is the pyloric antrum and pyloric canal located relative to the median plane?
Both sections are on the right side.
How does the stomach run across the body?
The stomach runs transversely, meaning that it runs across the body.
This means the stomach is located on both sides of the median plane.
What are the 2 curvatures associated with the stomach?
The greater curvature of the stomach.
The lesser curvature of the stomach.
What are the 2 connecting peritonea that are associated with the stomach?
The greater omentum.
The lesser omentum.
What is the function of the lesser omentum?
It connects the peritoneum of the liver to the peritoneum of the stomach.
Where is the greater omentum of the stomach found?
On the greater curvature.
It runs from the floor of the abdominal cavity and connects to the roof.
Other than the stomach, what other organs are found in the greater omentum?
The pancreas and lymph nodes.
What are the 2 different layers of the greater omentum?
The superficial layer/leaf.
The deep layer/leaf.
What is the space between the superficial layer and the deep layer of the greater omentum?
The omental bursa.
The gastro-splenic ligament connects to what part of the stomach?
The greater omentum.
What name is given to the acute curve near the pyloric end of the stomach?
The angular notch.
Is the angular notch of the stomach more prominent in . the cat or the dog?
In the cat.
Is the angular notch part of the greater curvature of the stomach or part of the lesser curvature?
It is part of the lesser curvature.
What direction do the muscle fibres run within the stomach wall?
There are both longitudinal and circular muscle fibres.
Do the walls of the stomach make contact with the abdominal floor?
No, as the lobes of the liver and the spleen are located between the stomach and the floor.
This means that we cannot palpate the stomach from the ventral areas of the dog.
What are the 4 layers of the stomach (from innermost to outermost)?
Mucosa.
Submucosa.
Muscles.
Serosa (peritoneum).
What name is given to the folds that are found on the internal surface of the stomach?
Gastric rugae.
These folds increase surface area and also allow for the stomach to expand.
What shape are the inner and outer layer of muscles that make up the wall of the stomach?
The inner layer is circular.
The outer layer is longitudinal.
What is the role of the cardiac and pyloric sphincters of the stomach?
They regulate the flow of ingesta in and out of the stomach.
How many regions of the fundic glands are found in the stomach of the dog?
2.
How many regions of the fundic glands are found in the stomach of the cat?
1.
