The Small Intestine.

Question 1

What are the sections of the small intestine?

Answer 1

The duodenum.

The jejunum.

The ileum.

Question 2

What is the longest section of the small intestine?

Answer 2

The jejunum.

Question 3

What is the shortest section of the small intestine?

Answer 3

The ileum.

Question 4

Why are there more folds in the jejunum than in the ileum?

Answer 4

The wall of the jejunum is much softer than the wall of the ileum meaning that it is much more flexible.

Question 5

Food from the stomach will be secreted into what area of the small intestine?

Answer 5

The duodenum.

Question 6

The stomach opens into the duodenum on what side of the body?

Answer 6

On the right side of the body.

Question 7

What is the most fixed part of the small intestine?

Answer 7

The duodenum.

Question 8

What happens once food arrives into the duodenum?

Answer 8

A number of enzymes and chemicals arrive to help digest that food.

Question 9

The enzymes that are secreted into the small intestine are released from what areas of the body?

Answer 9

The liver and the pancreas.

Question 10

What delivers secretions from the liver to the duodenum?

Answer 10

The bile duct.

Question 11

What delivers secretions from the pancreas to the duodenum?

Answer 11

The pancreatic duct.

Question 12

Is it possible for 2 pancreatic ducts to be present in the duodenum?

Answer 12

Yes, these are the pancreatic duct and the accessory pancreatic duct.

Question 13

Will all animals have an accessory pancreatic duct?

Answer 13

Some cats have an accessory pancreatic duct.

All dogs will have an accessory pancreatic duct.

Question 14

What is the 1st section of the duodenum and where is it located relative to the median plane?

Answer 14

The descending duodenum.

It is located to the right of the median plane.

Question 15

What additional features are found in the descending duodenum?

Answer 15

The duodenal flexure.

The opening of the pancreatic and bile ducts.

Question 16

What name is given to the opening of the pancreatic and bile ducts?

Answer 16

The major duodenal papillae is the opening of the common bile duct.

The minor duodenal papillae is the opening of the pancreatic duct.

Question 17

What is the 2nd section of the duodenum and where is it located relative to the median plane?

Answer 17

The transverse duodenum.

It crosses the median plane.

Question 18

What part of the duodenum is also known as the caudal flexure of the duodenum?

Answer 18

The transverse duodenum.

Question 19

What is the 3rd section of the duodenum and where is it located relative to the median plane?

Answer 19

The ascending duodenum.

It is located on the left side of the root of the mesentery/median plane.

Question 20

What name is given to the connecting peritoneum that is associated with the duodenum

Answer 20

The meso-duodenum.

Question 21

What is the role of the meso-duodenum?

Answer 21

It connects the duodenum to the body wall.

Question 22

How is the duodenum connected to the colon of the large intestine?

Answer 22

Via the duodenal colic fold.

Question 23

What feature marks the end of the duodenum?

Answer 23

The duodenal-jejunal flexure.

Question 24

What structures are associated with the jejunum?

Answer 24

Jejunal loops which are a series of loops that increase the length of the jejunum.

Question 25

The jejunum is mainly located in what part of the abdominal cavity?

Answer 25

On the floor, on the right side.

Question 26

What part of the small intestine is commonly involved in hernias?

Answer 26

The jejunal loops.

Question 27

Where does the mesentery of the jejunum run from and to?

Answer 27

It originates from the roof of the abdominal cavity at an area called the root of the mesentery and attaches to the jejunum. The point of attachment to the roof of the abdominal cavity is quite narrow whereas the point of attachment to the organ is very wide.

Question 28

What does the mesentery of the small intestine allow for?

Answer 28

For blood vessels and nerves to reach the jejunum. It also prevents tangling of the jejunum.

Question 29

The ileum of the small intestine is mainly present on what side of the median plane?

Answer 29

The right side.

Question 30

What name is given to the location where the ileum opens into the colon of the large intestine?

Answer 30

The ileo-cecal-colic junction. This is because the ileum, cecum and colon all meet at this location.

Question 31

The ileum empties into what part of the large intestine?

Answer 31

It empty’s into the cecum at the ileo-colic opening.

Question 32

What guards the ileo-colic opening?

Answer 32

The ileo-colic sphincter and by a papillae. This prevents the back flow of ingesta from colon to ileum.

Question 33

What does the ceco-colic opening allow for?

Answer 33

For ingesta to travel from the ceum to the colon and vice versa.

Question 34

Is there any sphincter associated with the ceco-colic opening?

Answer 34

No. Any ingesta that enters the cecum will be sent back into the colon via reverse peristaltic movements.

Question 35

Why does the ileum open into the colon in the dog and cat?

Answer 35

As the cecum is not very functional.

Question 36

Where does the jejunal mesentery originate from?

Answer 36

From the root of the mesentery which is attached to the roof of the abdominal cavity.

Question 37

Where are the jejunal lymph nodes found?

Answer 37

In the root of the jejunal mesentery.

Question 38

What name is given to the blood vessels that run through the jejunal mesentery?

Answer 38

Jejunal arcades. These arteries will all anastamose with each other.

Question 39

What blood vessels supply the small intestine?

Answer 39

Blood vessels called vasa recta which emerge from the jejunal arcades.

Question 40

What blood vessels supply the pancreas and the duodenum?

Answer 40

The caudal pancreaticoduodenal artery. The cranial pancreaticoduodenal artery.

Question 41

Where does the caudal pancreaticoduodenal artery arise from?

Answer 41

From the cranial mesenteric artery.

Question 42

Where does the cranial pancreaticoduodenal artery arise from?

Answer 42

From the gastroduodenal artery.

Question 43

Do the 2 pancreaticoduodenal arteries anastamose with each other?

Answer 43

Yes.