The Mouth and Oral Cavity. Flashcards
Where will food be bought into the digestive tract?
At the mouth.
What happens to food after it enters the digestive tract?
The teeth will break it down into smaller pieces and these pieces will then be swallowed.
What are the 3 functions of the mouth?
Prehension.
Insalivation.
Mastication.
What are the accessory organs that are associated with the mouth?
The teeth and the tongue.
What is the largest organ within the oral cavity?
The tongue.
What is insalivation?
The process of adding saliva to the food.
Why do we add saliva to food?
As it lubricates the food and aids with swallowing.
What glands will release saliva into the oral cavity?
The mandibular gland.
The sublingual gland.
What are the major salivary glands in the oral cavity?
The mandibular gland.
The sublingual gland.
What is the rima oris?
The opening of the mouth, the most rostral part of the oral cavity.
What makes up the caudal most border of the mouth?
The palatoglossal arches (fauces).
What lines the rima oris?
The upper and lower lips.
What are the upper and lower lips made from?
Muscles and mucus membranes.
What is the function of the lips?
To aid with the closure of the mouth and prevent food from falling out of the mouth.
What is the oral vestibule?
The area between the lips and the teeth.
What is the oral cavity?
The area of the mouth that lies inside the teeth.
What secretes saliva into the oral vestibule?
The parotid gland.
The zygomatic gland.
What oral glands are only found in carnivores?
The zygomatic glands.
What makes up the external side of the rima oris?
The lips.
What is the most lateral and rostral boundaries of the oral cavity?
The lips.
What are the 3 layers that form the lips?
The skin.
Muscles, tendons, glands and connective tissue.
Mucosa.
What name is given to the glands that are found in the lips?
Labial glands.
Are the labial glands considered to be major or minor salivary glands?
Minor salivary glands.
Will the lips be more mobile in dogs or cats?
In dogs.
What shape are the muscles that are associated with the lips and what is their name?
They are circular and are known as the orbucularis oris muscle.
From what point of the mouth will the upper and lower lips originate from?
From an area of the mouth known as the oral commissure (angle of the mouth).
What forms the caudo-lateral boundary of the oral vestibule?
The cheeks.
What muscles are found in the cheeks?
Buccinator muscles.
What gland is found in the cheeks of carnivores?
The zygomatic salivary gland.
What forms the roof of the oral cavity?
The hard palate.
The soft palate.
What is the function of the hard and soft palate?
It divides the oral cavity from the nasal cavity.
Where is the hard palate located relative to the soft palate?
The hard palate is located more rostrally.
What is the major structural difference between the hard and soft palate?
The hard palate contains bone.
What are the 3 bones that form the hard palate?
The incisive bone (rostral).
The maxillary bone (middle).
The palatine bone (caudal).
What is the name of the transverse ridges that are found on the hard palate of the dog and cat?
Ruage.
What is the function of the rugae?
They help keep food within the oral cavity.
What is found at the rostral end of the hard palate?
A tubercle called the incisive papillae.
What does the incisive papillae mark?
It marks the opening for the incisive ducts on both sides of the mouth.
What organs are the incisive ducts associated with?
The vomeronasal organ which is involved in the production of the pheromones.
What is the caudal continuation of the hard palate?
The soft palate.
What are the rostral and caudal ends of the soft palate connected to?
Rostrally it is connected to the hard palate.
Caudally it is connected to the pharynx.
What forms the connection between the soft plate and pharynx?
The palato-pharyngeal arches.
Does the soft palate contain any bone?
No.
What marks the beginning of the oesophagus?
The epiglottis.
How is the soft palate related to the epiglottis?
Usually the soft palate will lie over the epiglottis allowing for continuous respiration.
What happens to the soft palate that covers the epiglottis after we swallow food?
When we swallow we lift up the soft plate allowing for food to enter the oesophagus.
What are the 4 major structures that are associated with the soft palate?
The palatoglossal arch.
The palatopharyngeal arch.
The palatine tonsils.
The palatine glands (salivary).
What are the 5 muscles that are associated with the soft palate?
The palatine muscles.
The tensor vili palatini muscles.
The levator vili palatini muscles.
The palatopahryngeus.
The pterophayngeus.
What is the tensor vili palatini muscle associated with?
The stretching of the soft palate.
What are the levator vili palatini and the palatopharyngeus muscles associated with?
They are both associated with lifting up the soft palate.
When will cleft palate occur?
When the soft palate retains a connection with the nasal cavity and the oral cavity.
What are the major blood vessels that flow through the soft plate?
The major and minor palatine arteries.
What area of the mouth is supplied by the major palatine artery?
The hard palate.
What area of the mouth is supplied by the minor palatine artery?
The soft palate.
