The Seventies: terms and people

Question 1

(stonewall rebellion) uprising in support of equal rights for …. sparked by an … by …. at a gay bar in New York

Answer 1

gay people; assault; off-duty police officers

Question 2

(stonewall rebellion) the rebellion led to a rise in …. and …. within the … community and furthered the .. of the late 1960s

Answer 2

activism; militancy; gay; sexual revolution

Question 3

(pentagon papers) secret us. government report detailing … and …. regarding the … under Presidents Kennedy and Johnson.

Answer 3

early planning; policy decisions; Vietnam War

Question 4

(pentagon papers) leaked to the New York Times in 1971, it revealed instances of .., …, and …. in the prosecution of the war

Answer 4

government secrecy; lies; incompetence

Question 5

(earth day) international day of celebration and awareness of …. launched by conservationists on ….

Answer 5

global environmental issues; April 22, 1970

Question 6

(southern strategy) Nixon reelection campaign strategy designed to appeal to … in the historically Democratic South. The president stressed .. issues and remained noncommittal on …

Answer 6

conservative whites; law and order; civil rights

Question 7

(southern strategy) this strategy typified the …. between the two parties as white southerners became increasingly attracted to the Republican party in the aftermath of the civil rights movement

Answer 7

regional split

Question 8

(Rachel Carson) Carson authored Silent Spring, a book that presented the dangers of …. She is considered the “mother of the … movement.”

Answer 8

pesticides; modern conservation

Question 9

(stagflation) term referring to the simultaneous occurrence of low … growth and high … in the national economy. the phenomenon characterized the economic troubles of the 1970s and posed both an intellectual challenge to economists and a policymaking challenge to government officials

Answer 9

employment; inflation

Question 10

(watergate) series of scandals that resulted in President Richard Nixon’s … in August 1974 amid calls for his impeachment. The episode sprang from a failed … at Democratic party headquarters in Washington’s Watergate Hotel during the 1972 election.

Answer 10

resignation; burglary attempt

Question 11

(“smoking gun” tape) recording made in the Oval Office in June 1972 that proved conclusively that Nixon knew about the …. and endeavored to …

Answer 11

Watergate break-in; cover it up

Question 12

(“smoking gun” tape) lead to a complete breakdown in …. for Nixon after the Supreme Court ordered he hand the tape to investigators

Answer 12

congressional support

Question 13

(Equal Rights Amendment (ERA)) an amendment that declared full …. for women. although it passed both houses of congress in 1972, a concerted grassroots campaign by antifeminists led by … persuaded enough state legislatures to vote … the amendment … to become part of the constitution

Answer 13

constitutional equality; Phyllis Schlafly; against ratification; failed

Question 14

(Roe v. Wade) landmark Supreme Court decision that forbade states from barring … by citing a woman’s constitutional right to …. Seen as a victory for … and … by some, the decision provoked a strong counterreaction by opponents to abortion, galvanizing the … movement

Answer 14

abortion; privacy; feminism; civil liberties; pro-life

Question 15

(new right): term for a loose network of conservative political activists and organizations that emerged in the 1970s and 80s. More … in tone than previous generations of conservatives, the New Right emphasized hot-button cultural issues like …, …, and …. They also espoused a nationalist foreign policy outlook that rejected … and …

Answer 15

populist; abortion; busing; prayer in school; detente; international treaties

Question 16

(malaise speech) national address by Jimmy Carter in July 1979 in which he chided American … and urged a … in the face of economic hardships

Answer 16

materialism; communal spirit

Question 17

(malaise speech) although carter intended the speech to improve both public morale and his standing as a leader, it had the opposite effect and was widely perceived as a …. for the embattled president

Answer 17

political disaster

Question 18

(SALT II) Strategic Arms Limitation Treaty agreement between Soviet leader Leonid Brezhnev and American president Jimmy Carter. Despite an accord to limit … between the two leaders, the agreement was ultimately scuttled in the U.S. Senate following the Soviet invasion of … in 1979

Answer 18

weapons; Afghanistan

Question 19

(Iranian hostage crisis) the 444 days, from November 1979 to January 1981, in which American embassy workers were held captive by Iranian revolutionaries. The Iranian revolution began in January 1979 when young Muslim fundamentalists overthrew the oppressive regime of the American-backed shah, forcing him into …

Answer 19

exile

Question 20

(Iranian hostage crisis) Deeming the United States “….,” these revolutionaries triggered an … by cutting off Iranian oil.

Answer 20

the Great Satan; energy crisis

Question 21

(Iranian hostage crisis) The hostage crisis began when revolutionaries stormed the American embassy, demanding that the United States return the shah to Iran for a …. The episode was marked by botched … and a failed rescue attempt by the Carter administration

Answer 21

trial; diplomacy

Question 22

(Iranian hostage crisis) After permanently damaging relations between the two countries, the crisis ended with the hostages’ release the day …, Jan 20, 1981.

Answer 22

Ronald Reagan became president

Question 23

(Gerald (“Jerry”) Ford) Initially a Congressman, Gerald Ford was selected as the replacement for President Nixon’s …. after Spiro Agnew resigned. He then became president upon Nixon’s … as a result of Watergate

Answer 23

vice president; resignation

Question 24

(Gerald (“Jerry”) Ford) Ford gathered with other leaders in …, where he played an important role in officially ending WWIII by finally legitimatizing the Soviet-dictated boundaries of … and other ….

Answer 24

Helsinki, Finland; Poland; Eastern European countries

Question 25

(Milton Friedman) Friedman was a Nobel Prize-winning… as well as the co-author of …. Friedman advocated …, claiming that it played a significant role in “solving social problems and protecting individual liberty.”

Answer 25

economist; Free to Choose; free marketry

Question 26

(Robin Morgan) Morgan was a civil rights activist, and more significantly, a feminist that strove toward gender equality. She founded the …., known as WITCH, which protested the …

Answer 26

Women’s International Terrorist Conspiracy from Hell; Miss America pageant