ch 1 key terms and people to know

Question 1

(Big Sister Policy) a foreign policy of Secretary of State James G. Blaine aimed at rallying Latin American nations behind

Answer 1

American leadership and opening Latin American markets to Yankee traders.

Question 2

(Big Sister Policy) The policy bore fruit in …, when Blaine presided over the

Answer 2

1889; First International Conference of American States

Question 3

(Big Sister Policy) This policy eventually led to significant land deals between the

Answer 3

Americas

Question 4

(Big Sister Policy) The land deals that resulted from the policy was exactly what Blaine was hoping to achieve, in that the United States gained

Answer 4

authority over particular Latin American nations

Question 5

(Great Rapprochement) after decades of occassionally “twisting the lion’s tail,” american diplomates began to cutivate close,

Answer 5

cordial relations with Great Britain at the end of the 19th century

Question 6

(Great Rapprochement) these cordial relations would intensify further during

Answer 6

WWI

Question 7

(Great Rapprochement) the Great Rapprochement was important due to the fact that it resulted in a gargantuan transition in relations between the

Answer 7

U.S. and Great Britain

Question 8

(Great Rapprochement) hostility toward Britain would begin to … as a result of this reconciliation, thus lessening the number of … between the two nations

Answer 8

diminish; conflicts

Question 9

(Great Rapprochement) an amiable relationship between the two countries resulted in their

Answer 9

alliance during both world wars

Question 10

(McKinley Tariff) shepherded through Congress by President William McKinley, this tariff raised duties on …. and set off renewed efforts to secure the …

Answer 10

Hawaiian sugar; annexation of Hawaii to the United States

Question 11

(McKinley Tariff) the tariff was disadvantageous for americans who were gaining profits from sugar production in Hawaii, thus increasing …. and causing a …. that resulted in a …

Answer 11

interest in annexation of Hawaii; revolt; traty of annexation

Question 12

(Insurrectos) Cuban insurgents who sought

Answer 12

freedom from colonial Spanish rule

Question 13

(Insurrectos) their destructive tactics threatened American … interests in

Answer 13

economic; Cuban plantations and railroads

Question 14

(Insurrectos) The insurrectos’ actions influenced Spanish overlords to restrain Cuban citizens by

Answer 14

placing them in unsanitary camps

Question 15

(Insurrectos) The conditions of the Cubans provoked the ire of American citizens, resulting in …… The American’s fury continually increased, eventually leading to ..

Answer 15

hatred toward the Spanish; war

Question 16

(Maine) battleship dispatched to keep a “friendly” watch over Cuba in early 1898. It mysteriously … in Havana harbor on …., with a loss of …. sailors

Answer 16

blew up; Feb 15, 1898; 260

Question 17

(Maine) later evidence confirmed that the explosion was …, resulting from …. but many Americans, eager for war, insisted that it was the fault of a Spanish ….

Answer 17

accidental; combustion in one of the ship’s internal coal bunkers; submarine mine

Question 18

(Maine) the explosion of the maine revealed that Americans desired

Answer 18

war against Spain

Question 19

(Maine) due to the americans desire for war, the explosion of the Maine placed McKinley in a complicated situation in that he did not want …, but he did want the U.S. to have …

Answer 19

war; authority over Cuba.

Question 20

(Maine) The desire for control over Cuba took precedence, resulting in …. as well as the creation of the …

Answer 20

war with Spain; Teller Amendment

Question 21

(teller amendment) a proviso to president william mckinley’s war plans that proclaimed to the world that when the U.S. had …., it would give….

Answer 21

overthrown Spanish misrule; Cuba its freedom

Question 22

(teller amendment) the amendment testified to the ostensibly … designs of the initial war plans

Answer 22

“anti-imperialist”

Question 23

(teller amendment) the teller amendment was founded on the assumption that the U.S. would win the war, thus displaying …, …., and …. on the part of American citizens

Answer 23

confidence, determination, nationalism

Question 24

(Rough Riders) organized by Theodore roosevelt, this was a colorful, motley regiment of …. consisting of .., …, and …

Answer 24

Cuban war volunteers; western cowboys; ex-convicts; effete Ivy Leaguers

Question 25

(Rough Riders) Roosevelt emphasized his experience with the regiment in

Answer 25

subsequent campaigns for governor of NY and vice president under William McKinley

Question 26

(Rough Riders) The Rough Riders fought against the Spaniards at ... and ... on July 1, and continued to draw nearer to ...

Answer 26

El Caney; Kettle Hill; Santiago

Question 27

(Rough Riders) Two days after July 1, they....

Answer 27

defeated the Spaniards

Question 28

(Rough Riders) this occurrence (defeat of Spaniards) led to the ..., with an ... that was signed on ...

Answer 28

conclusion of the war; armistice; August 12, 1898

Question 29

(Anti-Imperialist League) a diverse group formed to protest American colonial oversight in the

Answer 29

philippines

Question 30

(Anti-Imperialist League) it included ..., ..., ..., and ...

Answer 30

university presidents, industrialists, clergymen, labor leaders

Question 31

(Anti-Imperialist League) Strongest in the .., the Anti-Imperialist League was the largest lobbying organization on a .... until the end of the ...

Answer 31

northeast; U.S. foreign-policy issue; nineteenth century

Question 32

(Anti-Imperialist League) it declined in strength after the United States signed the ... (which approved the ....), and especially after hostilities broke out between ... and ...

Answer 32

Treaty of Paris; annexation of the Philippines; Filipino nationalists; American forces

Question 33

(Anti-Imperialist League) the formation of the league was an indication of ... and ... on the part of the American people

Answer 33

dissent; dissatisfaction

Question 34

(Anti-Imperialist League) the league highlighted the injustice of imperialistm through their references to the ... and the ... however, they were unsuccessful in achieving their goal of preventing the annexation of the philippines

Answer 34

declaration of Independence; Constitution

Question 35

(Foraker Act) Sponsored by Joseph B. Foraker, a Republican from Ohio, this accorded Puerto Ricans a

Answer 35

limited degree of popular government

Question 36

(Foraker Act) the first comprehensive ocngressional effort to provide governance of territories acquired after the ..., it served as a model for a similar act adopted for the .... in ...

Answer 36

Spanish-American war; Philippines; 1902

Question 37

(Foraker Act) although the foraker act granted Puerto Ricans some rights, it didn't address the issue of their ...

Answer 37

independence

Question 38

(Foraker Act) Puerto Ricans began to question their .., resulting in the ...

Answer 38

political identity; insular cases

Question 39

(insular cases) beginning in 1901, a badly divided Supreme Court decreed in these cases that the Constitution did not

Answer 39

follow the flag

Question 40

(insular cases) in other words, Puerto Ricans Filipinons would not necessarily enjoy all

Answer 40

American rights

Question 41

(insular cases) through these cases, citizens of Puerto Rico and the Philippines were denied the rights of Amricans, thus answering the Puerto Ricans' question off whether they were ... or ...

Answer 41

citizens; subjects

Question 42

(insular cases) the denial of such rights contradicted the ideals that the U.S. stands for, in that significant documents advocate ... and the ....

Answer 42

independence; consent of the governed

Question 43

(platt amendment) following its military occupation, the U.S. successfully pressured the Cuban gov to write this amendment into its

Answer 43

constitution

Question 44

(platt amendment) it limited Cuba's ...., controlled its ...., and stipulated that the U.S. could intervene militarily to .... when it saw fit

Answer 44

treaty-making abilities; debts; restore order

Question 45

(platt amendment) this amendment contradicted the notion that Cuba was ... by granting the U.S. unreasonable ...

Answer 45

independent; authority over the region

Question 46

(platt amendment) it resulted in ... and ... toward America on the part of Cuban citizens

Answer 46

dissatisfaction; bitterness

Question 47

(Open Door note) a set of diplomatic letters in which Secretary of State John Hay urged te great powers to respect ... and .... within their spheres of influence

Answer 47

Chinese rights; free and open competition

Question 48

(Open Door note) The notes established the "Open Door policy" which sought to ensure access to the .... for the ...., despite the fact that it did not have a ...

Answer 48

Chinese market; U.S.; formal sphere of influence in China

Question 49

(Open Door note) with all of the great powers, except Russia, agreeing to the terms of the Open Door note, these letters illustrated the ... tha the U.S. was gaining internationally

Answer 49

respect

Question 50

(Open Door note) despite the act that the letters were meant to benefit the chinese, ... arose in the form of the ...

Answer 50

mutiny; Boxer Rebellion

Question 51

(Boxer Rebellion) an uprising in China directed against

Answer 51

foreign influence

Question 52

(Boxer Rebellion) it was suppressed by an international force of some ..., including ...

Answer 52

eighteen thousand soldiers; several thousand Americans

Question 53

(Boxer Rebellion) the boxer rebellion paved the way for the ..., which led to the estabishment of the ...

Answer 53

revolution of 1911; Republic of China in 1912

Question 54

(Boxer Rebellion) additionally, the U.S. took advantage o this event by demanding a compensation of ... of which the U.S. was to receive ...

Answer 54

$333 million; $24.5 million

Question 55

(Boxer Rebellion) The U.S. utilized ... to furhter westernize Asians.

Answer 55

$18 million of the $24.5 million

Question 56

(Hay-Pauncefote treaty) a treaty signed between the U.S. and Great Britain giving Americans a free hand to

Answer 56

build a canal in Central America

Question 57

(Hay-Pauncefote treaty) The treaty nullified the .... which prohibited Britain or the United States from acquiring ...

Answer 57

Clayton-Bulwer Treaty of 1850; territory in Central America

Question 58

(Hay-Pauncefote treaty) this treaty was indicative of the ... between Britain and the U.S.

Answer 58

amiable relations

Question 59

(Hay-Pauncefote treaty) moroever, with the U.S. looking to build a canal in the Panama region, a conflict with ... arose

Answer 59

Colombians

Question 60

(Hay-Pauncefote treaty) panamanians wanted the canal to be built, and thus, they began to ... with ...

Answer 60

rebel; support from the U.s.

Question 61

(Hay-Pauncefote treaty) The U.S. was then able to build in the panama region, however, this incident worsened relations between the U.S and

Answer 61

Latin America

Question 62

(Roosevelt Corollary) a brazen policy of "preventive intervention" advocated by TR in his ...

Answer 62

Annual Message to Congress in 1904

Question 63

(Roosevelt Corollary) adding ballast to the Monroe Doctrine, his corollary stipulated that the U.S> would retain a right to intervene in the ... of Latin American nations in order to restore ..

Answer 63

.domestic affairs; military and financial order

Question 64

(Roosevelt Corollary) the corollary served to plae the US> in anegative light in that Latin Americans believed the declaration to be a tactic for the U.S. to

Answer 64

control their nations

Question 65

(Root-Takahira agreement) agreement by which the U.S and Japan agreed to respect each other's .... in the ... and to uphold the ... in ...

Answer 65

teritorial possessions; Pacific; Open Door; China

Question 66

(Root-Takahira agreement) the agreement was credited with .... between the two nations, but it also resulted in a weakened .... over further ....

Answer 66

easing tensions; American influence; Japanese hegemony in China

Question 67

(Root-Takahira agreement) the agreement established a ... between the nations, thus alleviating ... and helping to avoid ...

Answer 67

temporary peace; tensions; war

Question 68

(Josiah Strong) strong was a reverend as well as the writer of

Answer 68

Our Country: Its Possible Future and Its Present Crisis

Question 69

(Josiah Strong) Strong's book influenced missionaries to .. of the purpose of

Answer 69

travel internationally; introducing the Gospel to others

Question 70

(Captain Alfred Thayer Mahan) author of ...., published in...

Answer 70

The Influence of Sea Power upon History, 1660-1783; 1890

Question 71

(Captain Alfred Thayer Mahan) Mahan articulated that strength and power would derive from having

Answer 71

"control of the sea"

Question 72

(Captain Alfred Thayer Mahan) Due to the notions presented within his book, Mahan played a significant role in causing a

Answer 72

naval race between the world powers

Question 73

(James G. Blaine) served as ... for 2 terms; creator and proponent of the ..., which involved "opening Latin American markets to Yankee traders'

Answer 73

secretary of state; Big Sister policy

Question 74

(James G. Blaine) Blaine's policy was moderately successful and it marked the beginning of a

Answer 74

"series of inter-American assemblages" U.S. gains power over some latin american countries

Question 75

(Richard Olney) served as .... during Cleveland's presidency; Olney became involved in Britain's conflict with ..., threatening to enforce the ...

Answer 75

secretary of state; Venezuela; Monroe Docrine

Question 76

(Richard Olney) Olne's threat ot enforce the Monroe Doctrine eventually led to a threat from President Cleeland and Congress to ...

Answer 76

declare war

Question 77

(Richard Olney) this occurrence served to make the U.S. appear ... in that Britain ..., allowing fo the U.S. to draw a ... between Britain and Venezuela

Answer 77

strong; conceded; boundary line

Question 78

(Richard Olney) it also inspired the British to establish ... with the U.s

Answer 78

amiable relations

Question 79

(Liliuokalani)the last ... she refused to allow the United States to ..., which resulted in ...

Answer 79

queen of Hawaii; annex the islands; mutiny from white settlers

Question 80

(Liliuokalani) her refusal to permit Americans to annex Hawaii had the opposite effect in that it influenced whites to revolt, resulting in a ..... However, when President Cleveland came into power, he ...

Answer 80

treaty of annexation; repealed the treaty

Question 81

("Butcher" Weyler) Spanish general who traeled to Cuba in 1896 for the purpose of

Answer 81

defeating the insurrectos

Question 82

("Butcher" Weyler) His endeavors involved inumane ats such as placing civilians in

Answer 82

unsanitary camps

Question 83

("Butcher" Weyler) Weyler's methods enabled journalists William Randolph Hearst and Joseph Pulitzer to report on the

Answer 83

horrors occurring in Cuba

Question 84

("Butcher" Weyler) However, the journalists fabricated numerous stories of abominations occurring in Cuba, which inspired anger within Americans towards

Answer 84

Spanish officials who were ruling cuba

Question 85

(Dupuy de Lome) spanish ambassador in washington and writer of a derogatory letter concernin g

Answer 85

president mckinley

Question 86

(Dupuy de Lome) this ltter was made public by Hearst, resulting in de Lome's

Answer 86

resignation

Question 87

(Dupuy de Lome) the letter also increased the fury that Americans felt toward the

Answer 87

Spanish overlords that had authority over Cuba

Question 88

(George Dewey) Dewey was a navy officer who led the ... to the Philippines in a mission against ..

Answer 88

American Asiatic Squadron; Spain

Question 89

(George Dewey) On May 1, 1898, Dewey's men killed and injured approx. ... Spaniards, with ... American casualites

Answer 89

400; no

Question 90

(George Dewey) despite this initial success, Dewey was unable to overtake Manila without the ...

Answer 90

aid of reinforcements

Question 91

(George Dewey) Finally, on August 13, 1898, Manila was

Answer 91

captured

Question 92

(George Dewey) Dewey's mission in the Philippines shifted focus back to the

Answer 92

Hawaiian Islands

Question 93

(George Dewey) the belief that Americans were depending on Hawaiias a "coaling and provisioning way station" became prominent, causing President McKinley to become concerned oer the possibility that Japan would

Answer 93

attempt to gain control over the islands

Question 94

(George Dewey) As such, the U.S> acted quickly,

Answer 94

annexing Hawaii

Question 95

(emilio Aguinaldo) Aguinaldo was the leader of the ..., who worked with the Americans during the...

Answer 95

Filipino rebels; capture of Manila

Question 96

(emilio Aguinaldo) However, Aguinaldo and his men later rose against the ... but he was captured in ...

Answer 96

U.S.; 1901

Question 97

Aguinaldo played a significant role in overthrowing the ... As such, he was an essential figure in the effort to defeat ... and eradicate ..

Answer 97

Spaniards; Spain; colonialism

Question 98

(William H. taft) taft was the governor of the ... in .... there he formed a ....

Answer 98

philippines; 1901; strong attachment to the filipinos

Question 99

(William H. taft) taft served in the philippines as a part of mckinley's plan to establish ... between Americans and Filipinos, however, this plan was ...

Answer 99

cordial relations; unsuccessful

Question 100

(William H. taft) the Filipinos were eventually granted true independence on

Answer 100

July 4, 1946

Question 101

(John Hay) secretary of state John Hay authored the .. in ..., which addressed the great powers concerning the rihts of the Chinese people

Answer 101

Open Door notes; 1899

Question 102

(John Hay) Through his letters, Hay established the

Answer 102

open-door policy

Question 103

(John Hay) However, Hay was unsuccessful in ensuring access to the ... for the U.S.

Answer 103

Chinese market

Question 104

(theodore Roosevelt) Roosevelt became president in ... following the ....

Answer 104

1901; assassination of President McKinley

Question 105

(theodore Roosevelt) It was during Roosevelt's presidency that the land for the ... was acquired and the ... was announced. Roosevelt also played a significant role in ending the ...

Answer 105

Panama canal; Roosevelt corollary; Russo-Japanese War

Question 106

(theodore Roosevelt) throughout his presidency, TR asserted the .. of the U.S.

Answer 106

authority

Question 107

(theodore Roosevelt) Roosevelt's determination and energy aided in maintaining the Us as a

Answer 107

superpower

Question 108

(theodore Roosevelt) however, these atributes also resulted in resentment from

Answer 108

Latin America and Japan