ch 28 powerpoint notes Flashcards
1
Q
major changes in the late 19th century:
A
industrialization, urbanization, immigration
2
Q
these phenomena advanced u.s. economy:
A
social, economic, political problems
3
Q
origins of progressive movement:
A
social, economic, political problems
4
Q
growing middle class sees … and believe that … with … could bring about … to correct issues
A
these issues; educated leaders; modern ideas; reforms
5
Q
motivated by …
A
religion
6
Q
different groups for different
A
injusticese
7
Q
curb power of
A
monopolies
8
Q
improve common persons conditions of
A
life and labor
9
Q
(political reform) corrupt politicians ran
A
many cities
10
Q
(political reform) political machine used
A
bribery and violence to maintain power
11
Q
(political reform) problem: corrupt politiians … and neglected …
A
enriched themselves; city services (water, sanitation, building inspection)
12
Q
(business reform) big business had
A
great power
13
Q
(business reform) busines had
A
monopoliees
14
Q
(business reform) unfair
A
business practices
15
Q
(business reform) small businesses had
A
little chance
16
Q
(social reform) immigrants and minorities had
A
harsh lives
17
Q
(social reform) enormous gap between
A
rich and poor
18
Q
(social reform) poor
A
living conditions
19
Q
(social reform) unsafe …. and low …
A
working conditions; pay
20
Q
(social reform) child
A
labor
21
Q
jane adams was
A
college educated
22
Q
addams inspired by trip to
A
london
23
Q
(jane addams) settlement houses: community center that
A
provided social services to urban poor
24
Q
(jane addams) settlement houses provided:
A
child care; enlish classes for immigrants; arts programs for adults
25
(jane addams) opens .... in chicago in ...
hull house; 1889
26
(florence kelley) kelley was a ... at a time when only ... percent of people were ...
lawyer; 3; college educated
27
(florence kelley) concerned with
child labor
28
(florence kelley) convinced congress to create:
us children's bureau (1912); keating-owens act (1916)
29
(florence kelley) us children's bureau charged with monitoring .... and it still ...
child welfare issues; exists
30
(florence kelley) keating-owens act: outlawed ..., supreme court .... in 1918
child labor; overturned
31
(florence kelley) many states passed laws requiring children to ... until a certain ...
attend school; age
32
problems for industrial workers: long ... (... days, ... days per week); low ...; poor ....; unsafe ...
hrs; 12 hr; 6-7; pay; ventilation; machinery
33
(triangle shirtwaist factory fire) employed
immigrant women
34
(triangle shirtwaist factory fire) doors kept ... so workers couldn't ... or ...
locked; steal; sneak out for breaks
35
(triangle shirtwaist factory fire) march 1911: fire with .... killed
146 women
36
(triangle shirtwaist factory fire) ny passed laws to ensure
workplace safety
37
(triangle shirtwaist factory fire) many .. and .. followed in nys footsteps
states; cities
38
(triangle shirtwaist factory fire) workers ... laws also passed but this was not .. at this point
compensation; national
39
(triangle shirtwaist factory fire) workers comp: payment for
on job injuries
40
(triangle shirtwaist factory fire) law setting max ... passed but supreme court ...
10 hr day; struck down
41
muckrakers: investigative journalists who exposed
political and social injustices
42
muckrakers: increased public
awareness of problemsn
43
muckrakers works usually first published as series in
magazines/newspaper articles
44
muckrakers work usually had ... later published as
series; books
45
lincoln steffens wrote
the shame of the cities
46
steffens's book exposed political corruption in
cities and its effecs
47
jacob riis wrote
how the other half lives
48
how the other half lives: ... journal of ...
photographic; city life
49
ida tarbell wrote
History of the Standard Oil Company (1904)
50
ttarbell documented ruthless methods of
rockefeller
51
rockefeller's methods: ruin..., create..., charge...
competition; monopoly; high prices
52
tarbell's significance: key influence in shaping field of ....
investigating journalism
53
tarbell shaped field of investigative journalism by using:
public records; corporate records; experts; event participants
54
tarbell's work resulted in the forceful
breakup of standard oil in 1911
55
upton sinclair wrote
the jungle (1906)
56
the jungle: novel describing immigrant workers at
meat packing plant
57
sinclair investigated for
6 months
58
sinclair inverviewed ... and ...
workers; management
59
sinclair worked undercover for ... in a ...
7 weeks; chicago meat plant
60
sinclair stated "i aimed at the public's ..., and by accident I hit them in the ..."
heart; stomach
61
(result of the jungle) meat inspection act (1906) enhanced inspection ... of .... and .... if required
regulations; meatpacking plants and production; recalls
62
(result of the jungle) pure food and drug act (1906): ensured food and drugs were .. and ...; today the ... actively protects us
safe; properly labeled; FDA
63
(political problems) government became .. to people
unresponsive
64
(political problems) corrupt politicians used office to:
retain power and enrich themselves
65
(political problems) many politicians were under influence of
big business
66
(political problems) politicians neglected doing work for
the people
67
(Robert M. La Follette- "Fighting Bob") offices that he held: ..., ..., and he ran for ...
governor; U.S. senator; president
68
(Robert M. La Follette- "Fighting Bob") stated: "Men must be aggressibe for what is ... if government is to be saved from men who are aggressive for what is ..."
right; wrong
69
(Robert M. La Follette- "Fighting Bob") forced railroads to charge ... and pay ...
lower fees; higher taxes
70
(Robert M. La Follette- "Fighting Bob") made factories ..., and improved ...
safer; education
71
(Robert M. La Follette- "Fighting Bob") adopted the direct
primary
72
(Robert M. La Follette- "Fighting Bob") direct primary: election process by which the people choose ...., not the ...
candidates for each party; political boses
73
australian ballot:
secret voting
74
initiative: people propose a ... and it is voted on in the next ... (not inNJ)
law; general election
75
referendum: ...passes a proposal which is decided upon by the ... in the next ... (Yes in NJ)
legislature; people; general election
76
recall- elected officials can be ... in a special election (yes in NJ)
removed from office
77
... of U.S. Senators
direct election
78
(17th amendment-1913) before 1913, state... voted to choose the 2 U.S. senators for each state
legislatures
79
(17th amendment-1913) people had no
direct input
80
(17th amendment-1913) political bosses had
too much power
81
(17th amendment-1913) after 1913- senators elected by people through
primary and general elections
82
(status of women- 1900) limited
roles
83
(status of women- 1900) primary roles:
wives/mothers
84
(status of women- 1900) unmarried women expected to
defer to father/brothers
85
(status of women- 1900) ... work
factory
86
(status of women- 1900) educated women-
secretaries/ teachers/ nurses
87
(status of women- 1900) some higher available for women:
Bryn Mawr College in PA; School of Social Work in NY
88
(status of women- 1900) work conditions: long hrs (12 hrs); dangerous machines; poor ventilation; hand over pay to
males of house
89
(status of women- 1900) Oregon passed law capping
workday to 10 hrs for women
90
(status of women- 1900) other states ... (Oregon's law)
followed
91
(status of women- 1900) supreme court ... to Oregon's law
agreed
92
(status of women- 1900) Muller v. Oregon ruled that women are a "..." and that they need to ...
special class; tend to family
93
(Florence Kelley) established the
national consumers league
94
(Florence Kelley) supported
meat inspection
95
(Florence Kelley) seal of ... on many products
approval
96
(Florence Kelley) goal of national consumers league: protect
workers and families
97
(Margaret sanger) women's health and family life is better if
less children
98
(Margaret sanger) women's rights issue: a woman should be "absolute .... of her own ..."
mistress; body
99
(Margaret sanger) popularized term "..."
birth control
100
(Margaret sanger) ... for her times
radical
101
(Margaret sanger) jailed several times for distributing
"obscene material"
102
(Margaret sanger) discovered ... that such material is OK if ...
loophole; physician-provided
103
(Margaret sanger) established organization that morphed into
planned parenthood
104
(temperance movement) called for people to abstain from
drinking alcohol
105
(temperance movement) men spent ... on booze
scarce money
106
(temperance movement) men often .... or ... their families
neglected; abused
107
(temperance movement) women's Christian temperance union: fought to
outlaw alcohol completely
108
(temperance movement) carrie nation:
temperance crusader
109
(temperance movement) carrie nation: would go ... in bars
crush buckets of beer
110
(temperance movement) suffrage:
right to vote
111
many women became activists through the
abolitionists movement
112
(Elizabeth Cady Stanton) realized that she needed to be an activist for
her rights
113
(Elizabeth Cady Stanton) Seneca falls convention (1848):organized by
Stanton and lucretia mott
114
(Elizabeth Cady Stanton) birth of
women's rights movement
115
(Elizabeth Cady Stanton) ratified the
"Declaration of Sentiments"
116
(Elizabeth Cady Stanton) declaration of sentiments is essentially the ... reworded to ....
Declaration of Independence; include women
117
(Elizabeth Cady Stanton) declaration of sentiments had list of
grievances
118
(Elizabeth Cady Stanton) women's pay used to be about ... that of men, now its ...
60%; 77%
119
(Elizabeth Cady Stanton) Stanton partnered with
susan b. anthony
120
(Elizabeth Cady Stanton) in 1869, Stanton and Anthony founded ...
national women's suffrage association
121
(Elizabeth Cady Stanton) .. (1969) and .... (1893) allowed women to ...
Wyoming; Colorado; vote
122
(Elizabeth Cady Stanton) Wyoming and Colorado and western states viewed women in more equal terms because women worked on
farms with men
123
ironically, Stanton and Anthony opposed post-Civil war ...
constitutional amendments (14th and 15th)
124
they opposed the amendments because they
didn't apply to women
125
(Carrie Chapman Catt) B.A. from
Iowa State University
126
(Carrie Chapman Catt) supt of schools at
mason city, iowa
127
(Carrie Chapman Catt) protégé of
susan b. anthony
128
national American women's suffrage association: ... becomes president in 1900
catt
129
(Catt's "Winning Plan") some teams lobby with Congress to pass ... to grant women ...
constitutional amendment; right to vote
130
(Catt's "Winning Plan") other teams would focus on ... to grant women the ...
state legislatures; right to vote
131
(Catt's "Winning Plan") "society plan": recruit women from ...
all parts of society
132
(Catt's "Winning Plan") results: by 1918, NY, Michigan, and several western states gave
women right to vote
133
(Catt's "Winning Plan") results: efforts with congress
fell short
134
(alice paul) B.A. from ... which was founded by her father
swathmore
135
(alice paul) m.a. in sociology from
u. penn
136
(alice paul) national women's party (NWP) broke from ... in 1916
NAWSA
137
(alice paul) NWP more .. and ... than "suffragettes" (suffragettes were from NAWSA(
radical; militant
138
(NWP- new tactics) picketing: nwp was first group to organize
protest in front of white house
139
(NWP- new tactics) aggressive ... and ... with arrests (alice paul was also ...)
marches; protests; arrested
140
(NWP- new tactics) hunger strikes while in ....; women were ...
jail; forcibly fed
141
(NWP- new tactics) some women thought that these tactics
hurt their cause
142
U.S. entry into WW1 in 1917 gave women
new opportunities
143
NAWSA and NWP officially supported the
war effort
144
importantly: women volunteered as ... and went ...; women filled "...." ...
nurses; overseas; "men's" jobs
145
june 1919: congress passes
19th amendment
146
august 1920: Tennessee legislature approved 19th amendment with
1 vote to spare
147
November 1920: women vote in
presidential election
148
important support of war effort by women convinced many that women
earned suffrage
149
ongoing efforts of NAWSA & NWP: the ... and ... approach of catt and NAWSA and ... approach of Paul and NWP; these approaches....
moderation; reasoned; radical; functioned
150
(U.S. demographics) now: white ... %; African ... %; Asian ... %; native American ...%; other ....%; latinos (not considered race, considred culture) ... %
72; 13; 5; 1; 9; 16
151
(U.S. demographics) then: white ...%; African ...%; Asian...%; native American ...%; latinos ...%
89; 9; 1; 1; 1.4
152
after federal troops withdrawn from south in 1877, white southerners resumed
full control
153
1876 election
disputedd
154
compromise of 1877 let Republican Rutherford B. Hayes be president in exchange for
removal of troops in south
155
white southerners implemented system to deprive
African americans of rights
156
jim crow laws: segregation.....
separate but equal societies
157
separate but equal included:
schools; public facilities; ok for private business to deny service
158
jim crow laws: voting restrictions through
literacy and poll taxes
159
supreme court→plessy v. ferguson (1898) supports .... using the equal clause from the ... amendment
separate but equal; 14th
160
economic discrimination: sharecropping: large percent former slaves farmed former land in exchange for
a share of the crop
161
(amount of lynchings) 1895:
113
162
(amount of lynchings) 1900:
106
163
(amount of lynchings) 1905:
57
164
(amount of lynchings) 1910:
67
165
(amount of lynchings) 1915:
56
166
(progressive contradictions) settlement houses and others taught immigrants English but encouraged immigrants to
forget old values and adopt American views (?)
167
(booker t. Washington) move .. and be...
.slowly; patient
168
(booker t. washington) work hard, earn ... and rights will
respect; follow
169
(w.e.b. dubois) demanded all constitutional rights
now
170
(Washington) born ... in Virginia in 1856
slave
171
(Washington) graduated from ....
Hampton univ (all black)
172
(Washington) named head of ... in 1881 at age 25
Tuskegee institute
173
(Washington) Tuskegee institute: trained Africans in .., ..., and ...
teaching; farming; industrial arts
174
(Washington) George Washington carver was a ... at Tuskegee; did research with .... which resulted in ...
botanist; peanuts; economic opportunities
175
(dubois) born after
civil war
176
(dubois) great-grandfather fought in
revolution
177
(dubois) graduated ..., and ... with a Ph.D.
fisk; Harvard
178
(dubois) professor at ...
Atlanta university
179
(the talented tenth-dubois) believed it was up to the top 10% of educated African-americans to ...
uplift all african0americans
180
(the talented tenth-dubois) referred to Washington as ... meaning ..
"Uncle Tom"; submissive
181
Niagara movement: led by ..., small group of African-American thinkers who denounced ... for rights
dubois; "gradual process"
182
(Springfield Illinois riots- 1908) 2 African-americans in jail targeted for ... but authorities ...
lynching; move them to safety
183
(Springfield Illinois riots- 1908) mob reacted by attacking ...., ... 2 people, and .... 40 houses
African neighborhood; lynched; burned
184
(Springfield Illinois riots- 1908) .... shocked by barbarity in ...
white progressives; Lincoln's hometown
185
N.A.A.C.P- formed in
1909
186
N.A.A.C.P- white progressives join
Niagara movement
187
N.A.A.C.P- includes
dubois; Kelley; Addams; wells
188
N.A.A.C.P- help Africans be free from forced ... (... success); free from ... (education); politically free from... (right to ...); socially free from... (...)
low-paid labor; economic; ignorance; disenfranchisement; vote; insult; equality
189
N.A.A.C.P- strategy: use ... to challenge unfair laws: ... and ...
courts; housing; jobs
190
N.A.A.C.P acronym stands for
national association for the advancement of colored people
