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US2H > ch 28 powerpoint notes > Flashcards

ch 28 powerpoint notes Flashcards

1
Q

major changes in the late 19th century:

A

industrialization, urbanization, immigration

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2
Q

these phenomena advanced u.s. economy:

A

social, economic, political problems

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3
Q

origins of progressive movement:

A

social, economic, political problems

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4
Q

growing middle class sees … and believe that … with … could bring about … to correct issues

A

these issues; educated leaders; modern ideas; reforms

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5
Q

motivated by …

A

religion

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6
Q

different groups for different

A

injusticese

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7
Q

curb power of

A

monopolies

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8
Q

improve common persons conditions of

A

life and labor

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9
Q

(political reform) corrupt politicians ran

A

many cities

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10
Q

(political reform) political machine used

A

bribery and violence to maintain power

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11
Q

(political reform) problem: corrupt politiians … and neglected …

A

enriched themselves; city services (water, sanitation, building inspection)

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12
Q

(business reform) big business had

A

great power

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13
Q

(business reform) busines had

A

monopoliees

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14
Q

(business reform) unfair

A

business practices

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15
Q

(business reform) small businesses had

A

little chance

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16
Q

(social reform) immigrants and minorities had

A

harsh lives

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17
Q

(social reform) enormous gap between

A

rich and poor

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18
Q

(social reform) poor

A

living conditions

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19
Q

(social reform) unsafe …. and low …

A

working conditions; pay

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20
Q

(social reform) child

A

labor

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21
Q

jane adams was

A

college educated

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22
Q

addams inspired by trip to

A

london

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23
Q

(jane addams) settlement houses: community center that

A

provided social services to urban poor

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24
Q

(jane addams) settlement houses provided:

A

child care; enlish classes for immigrants; arts programs for adults

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25
Q

(jane addams) opens …. in chicago in …

A

hull house; 1889

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26
Q

(florence kelley) kelley was a … at a time when only … percent of people were …

A

lawyer; 3; college educated

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27
Q

(florence kelley) concerned with

A

child labor

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28
Q

(florence kelley) convinced congress to create:

A

us children’s bureau (1912); keating-owens act (1916)

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29
Q

(florence kelley) us children’s bureau charged with monitoring …. and it still …

A

child welfare issues; exists

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30
Q

(florence kelley) keating-owens act: outlawed …, supreme court …. in 1918

A

child labor; overturned

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31
Q

(florence kelley) many states passed laws requiring children to … until a certain …

A

attend school; age

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32
Q

problems for industrial workers: long … (… days, … days per week); low …; poor ….; unsafe …

A

hrs; 12 hr; 6-7; pay; ventilation; machinery

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33
Q

(triangle shirtwaist factory fire) employed

A

immigrant women

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34
Q

(triangle shirtwaist factory fire) doors kept … so workers couldn’t … or …

A

locked; steal; sneak out for breaks

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35
Q

(triangle shirtwaist factory fire) march 1911: fire with …. killed

A

146 women

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36
Q

(triangle shirtwaist factory fire) ny passed laws to ensure

A

workplace safety

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37
Q

(triangle shirtwaist factory fire) many .. and .. followed in nys footsteps

A

states; cities

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38
Q

(triangle shirtwaist factory fire) workers … laws also passed but this was not .. at this point

A

compensation; national

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39
Q

(triangle shirtwaist factory fire) workers comp: payment for

A

on job injuries

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40
Q

(triangle shirtwaist factory fire) law setting max … passed but supreme court …

A

10 hr day; struck down

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41
Q

muckrakers: investigative journalists who exposed

A

political and social injustices

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42
Q

muckrakers: increased public

A

awareness of problemsn

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43
Q

muckrakers works usually first published as series in

A

magazines/newspaper articles

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44
Q

muckrakers work usually had … later published as

A

series; books

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45
Q

lincoln steffens wrote

A

the shame of the cities

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46
Q

steffens’s book exposed political corruption in

A

cities and its effecs

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47
Q

jacob riis wrote

A

how the other half lives

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48
Q

how the other half lives: … journal of …

A

photographic; city life

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49
Q

ida tarbell wrote

A

History of the Standard Oil Company (1904)

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50
Q

ttarbell documented ruthless methods of

A

rockefeller

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51
Q

rockefeller’s methods: ruin…, create…, charge…

A

competition; monopoly; high prices

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52
Q

tarbell’s significance: key influence in shaping field of ….

A

investigating journalism

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53
Q

tarbell shaped field of investigative journalism by using:

A

public records; corporate records; experts; event participants

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54
Q

tarbell’s work resulted in the forceful

A

breakup of standard oil in 1911

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55
Q

upton sinclair wrote

A

the jungle (1906)

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56
Q

the jungle: novel describing immigrant workers at

A

meat packing plant

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57
Q

sinclair investigated for

A

6 months

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58
Q

sinclair inverviewed … and …

A

workers; management

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59
Q

sinclair worked undercover for … in a …

A

7 weeks; chicago meat plant

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60
Q

sinclair stated “i aimed at the public’s …, and by accident I hit them in the …”

A

heart; stomach

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61
Q

(result of the jungle) meat inspection act (1906) enhanced inspection … of …. and …. if required

A

regulations; meatpacking plants and production; recalls

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62
Q

(result of the jungle) pure food and drug act (1906): ensured food and drugs were .. and …; today the … actively protects us

A

safe; properly labeled; FDA

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63
Q

(political problems) government became .. to people

A

unresponsive

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64
Q

(political problems) corrupt politicians used office to:

A

retain power and enrich themselves

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65
Q

(political problems) many politicians were under influence of

A

big business

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66
Q

(political problems) politicians neglected doing work for

A

the people

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67
Q

(Robert M. La Follette- “Fighting Bob”) offices that he held: …, …, and he ran for …

A

governor; U.S. senator; president

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68
Q

(Robert M. La Follette- “Fighting Bob”) stated: “Men must be aggressibe for what is … if government is to be saved from men who are aggressive for what is …”

A

right; wrong

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69
Q

(Robert M. La Follette- “Fighting Bob”) forced railroads to charge … and pay …

A

lower fees; higher taxes

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70
Q

(Robert M. La Follette- “Fighting Bob”) made factories …, and improved …

A

safer; education

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71
Q

(Robert M. La Follette- “Fighting Bob”) adopted the direct

A

primary

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72
Q

(Robert M. La Follette- “Fighting Bob”) direct primary: election process by which the people choose …., not the …

A

candidates for each party; political boses

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73
Q

australian ballot:

A

secret voting

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74
Q

initiative: people propose a … and it is voted on in the next … (not inNJ)

A

law; general election

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75
Q

referendum: …passes a proposal which is decided upon by the … in the next … (Yes in NJ)

A

legislature; people; general election

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76
Q

recall- elected officials can be … in a special election (yes in NJ)

A

removed from office

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77
Q

… of U.S. Senators

A

direct election

78
Q

(17th amendment-1913) before 1913, state… voted to choose the 2 U.S. senators for each state

A

legislatures

79
Q

(17th amendment-1913) people had no

A

direct input

80
Q

(17th amendment-1913) political bosses had

A

too much power

81
Q

(17th amendment-1913) after 1913- senators elected by people through

A

primary and general elections

82
Q

(status of women- 1900) limited

A

roles

83
Q

(status of women- 1900) primary roles:

A

wives/mothers

84
Q

(status of women- 1900) unmarried women expected to

A

defer to father/brothers

85
Q

(status of women- 1900) … work

A

factory

86
Q

(status of women- 1900) educated women-

A

secretaries/ teachers/ nurses

87
Q

(status of women- 1900) some higher available for women:

A

Bryn Mawr College in PA; School of Social Work in NY

88
Q

(status of women- 1900) work conditions: long hrs (12 hrs); dangerous machines; poor ventilation; hand over pay to

A

males of house

89
Q

(status of women- 1900) Oregon passed law capping

A

workday to 10 hrs for women

90
Q

(status of women- 1900) other states … (Oregon’s law)

A

followed

91
Q

(status of women- 1900) supreme court … to Oregon’s law

A

agreed

92
Q

(status of women- 1900) Muller v. Oregon ruled that women are a “…” and that they need to …

A

special class; tend to family

93
Q

(Florence Kelley) established the

A

national consumers league

94
Q

(Florence Kelley) supported

A

meat inspection

95
Q

(Florence Kelley) seal of … on many products

A

approval

96
Q

(Florence Kelley) goal of national consumers league: protect

A

workers and families

97
Q

(Margaret sanger) women’s health and family life is better if

A

less children

98
Q

(Margaret sanger) women’s rights issue: a woman should be “absolute …. of her own …”

A

mistress; body

99
Q

(Margaret sanger) popularized term “…”

A

birth control

100
Q

(Margaret sanger) … for her times

A

radical

101
Q

(Margaret sanger) jailed several times for distributing

A

“obscene material”

102
Q

(Margaret sanger) discovered … that such material is OK if …

A

loophole; physician-provided

103
Q

(Margaret sanger) established organization that morphed into

A

planned parenthood

104
Q

(temperance movement) called for people to abstain from

A

drinking alcohol

105
Q

(temperance movement) men spent … on booze

A

scarce money

106
Q

(temperance movement) men often …. or … their families

A

neglected; abused

107
Q

(temperance movement) women’s Christian temperance union: fought to

A

outlaw alcohol completely

108
Q

(temperance movement) carrie nation:

A

temperance crusader

109
Q

(temperance movement) carrie nation: would go … in bars

A

crush buckets of beer

110
Q

(temperance movement) suffrage:

A

right to vote

111
Q

many women became activists through the

A

abolitionists movement

112
Q

(Elizabeth Cady Stanton) realized that she needed to be an activist for

A

her rights

113
Q

(Elizabeth Cady Stanton) Seneca falls convention (1848):organized by

A

Stanton and lucretia mott

114
Q

(Elizabeth Cady Stanton) birth of

A

women’s rights movement

115
Q

(Elizabeth Cady Stanton) ratified the

A

“Declaration of Sentiments”

116
Q

(Elizabeth Cady Stanton) declaration of sentiments is essentially the … reworded to ….

A

Declaration of Independence; include women

117
Q

(Elizabeth Cady Stanton) declaration of sentiments had list of

A

grievances

118
Q

(Elizabeth Cady Stanton) women’s pay used to be about … that of men, now its …

A

60%; 77%

119
Q

(Elizabeth Cady Stanton) Stanton partnered with

A

susan b. anthony

120
Q

(Elizabeth Cady Stanton) in 1869, Stanton and Anthony founded …

A

national women’s suffrage association

121
Q

(Elizabeth Cady Stanton) .. (1969) and …. (1893) allowed women to …

A

Wyoming; Colorado; vote

122
Q

(Elizabeth Cady Stanton) Wyoming and Colorado and western states viewed women in more equal terms because women worked on

A

farms with men

123
Q

ironically, Stanton and Anthony opposed post-Civil war …

A

constitutional amendments (14th and 15th)

124
Q

they opposed the amendments because they

A

didn’t apply to women

125
Q

(Carrie Chapman Catt) B.A. from

A

Iowa State University

126
Q

(Carrie Chapman Catt) supt of schools at

A

mason city, iowa

127
Q

(Carrie Chapman Catt) protégé of

A

susan b. anthony

128
Q

national American women’s suffrage association: … becomes president in 1900

A

catt

129
Q

(Catt’s “Winning Plan”) some teams lobby with Congress to pass … to grant women …

A

constitutional amendment; right to vote

130
Q

(Catt’s “Winning Plan”) other teams would focus on … to grant women the …

A

state legislatures; right to vote

131
Q

(Catt’s “Winning Plan”) “society plan”: recruit women from …

A

all parts of society

132
Q

(Catt’s “Winning Plan”) results: by 1918, NY, Michigan, and several western states gave

A

women right to vote

133
Q

(Catt’s “Winning Plan”) results: efforts with congress

A

fell short

134
Q

(alice paul) B.A. from … which was founded by her father

A

swathmore

135
Q

(alice paul) m.a. in sociology from

A

u. penn

136
Q

(alice paul) national women’s party (NWP) broke from … in 1916

A

NAWSA

137
Q

(alice paul) NWP more .. and … than “suffragettes” (suffragettes were from NAWSA(

A

radical; militant

138
Q

(NWP- new tactics) picketing: nwp was first group to organize

A

protest in front of white house

139
Q

(NWP- new tactics) aggressive … and … with arrests (alice paul was also …)

A

marches; protests; arrested

140
Q

(NWP- new tactics) hunger strikes while in ….; women were …

A

jail; forcibly fed

141
Q

(NWP- new tactics) some women thought that these tactics

A

hurt their cause

142
Q

U.S. entry into WW1 in 1917 gave women

A

new opportunities

143
Q

NAWSA and NWP officially supported the

A

war effort

144
Q

importantly: women volunteered as … and went …; women filled “….” …

A

nurses; overseas; “men’s” jobs

145
Q

june 1919: congress passes

A

19th amendment

146
Q

august 1920: Tennessee legislature approved 19th amendment with

A

1 vote to spare

147
Q

November 1920: women vote in

A

presidential election

148
Q

important support of war effort by women convinced many that women

A

earned suffrage

149
Q

ongoing efforts of NAWSA & NWP: the … and … approach of catt and NAWSA and … approach of Paul and NWP; these approaches….

A

moderation; reasoned; radical; functioned

150
Q

(U.S. demographics) now: white … %; African … %; Asian … %; native American …%; other ….%; latinos (not considered race, considred culture) … %

A

72; 13; 5; 1; 9; 16

151
Q

(U.S. demographics) then: white …%; African …%; Asian…%; native American …%; latinos …%

A

89; 9; 1; 1; 1.4

152
Q

after federal troops withdrawn from south in 1877, white southerners resumed

A

full control

153
Q

1876 election

A

disputedd

154
Q

compromise of 1877 let Republican Rutherford B. Hayes be president in exchange for

A

removal of troops in south

155
Q

white southerners implemented system to deprive

A

African americans of rights

156
Q

jim crow laws: segregation…..

A

separate but equal societies

157
Q

separate but equal included:

A

schools; public facilities; ok for private business to deny service

158
Q

jim crow laws: voting restrictions through

A

literacy and poll taxes

159
Q

supreme court→plessy v. ferguson (1898) supports …. using the equal clause from the … amendment

A

separate but equal; 14th

160
Q

economic discrimination: sharecropping: large percent former slaves farmed former land in exchange for

A

a share of the crop

161
Q

(amount of lynchings) 1895:

A

113

162
Q

(amount of lynchings) 1900:

A

106

163
Q

(amount of lynchings) 1905:

A

57

164
Q

(amount of lynchings) 1910:

A

67

165
Q

(amount of lynchings) 1915:

A

56

166
Q

(progressive contradictions) settlement houses and others taught immigrants English but encouraged immigrants to

A

forget old values and adopt American views (?)

167
Q

(booker t. Washington) move .. and be…

A

.slowly; patient

168
Q

(booker t. washington) work hard, earn … and rights will

A

respect; follow

169
Q

(w.e.b. dubois) demanded all constitutional rights

A

now

170
Q

(Washington) born … in Virginia in 1856

A

slave

171
Q

(Washington) graduated from ….

A

Hampton univ (all black)

172
Q

(Washington) named head of … in 1881 at age 25

A

Tuskegee institute

173
Q

(Washington) Tuskegee institute: trained Africans in .., …, and …

A

teaching; farming; industrial arts

174
Q

(Washington) George Washington carver was a … at Tuskegee; did research with …. which resulted in …

A

botanist; peanuts; economic opportunities

175
Q

(dubois) born after

A

civil war

176
Q

(dubois) great-grandfather fought in

A

revolution

177
Q

(dubois) graduated …, and … with a Ph.D.

A

fisk; Harvard

178
Q

(dubois) professor at …

A

Atlanta university

179
Q

(the talented tenth-dubois) believed it was up to the top 10% of educated African-americans to …

A

uplift all african0americans

180
Q

(the talented tenth-dubois) referred to Washington as … meaning ..

A

“Uncle Tom”; submissive

181
Q

Niagara movement: led by …, small group of African-American thinkers who denounced … for rights

A

dubois; “gradual process”

182
Q

(Springfield Illinois riots- 1908) 2 African-americans in jail targeted for … but authorities …

A

lynching; move them to safety

183
Q

(Springfield Illinois riots- 1908) mob reacted by attacking …., … 2 people, and …. 40 houses

A

African neighborhood; lynched; burned

184
Q

(Springfield Illinois riots- 1908) …. shocked by barbarity in …

A

white progressives; Lincoln’s hometown

185
Q

N.A.A.C.P- formed in

A

1909

186
Q

N.A.A.C.P- white progressives join

A

Niagara movement

187
Q

N.A.A.C.P- includes

A

dubois; Kelley; Addams; wells

188
Q

N.A.A.C.P- help Africans be free from forced … (… success); free from … (education); politically free from… (right to …); socially free from… (…)

A

low-paid labor; economic; ignorance; disenfranchisement; vote; insult; equality

189
Q

N.A.A.C.P- strategy: use … to challenge unfair laws: … and …

A

courts; housing; jobs

190
Q

N.A.A.C.P acronym stands for

A

national association for the advancement of colored people

US2H (15 decks)

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