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US2H > Imperialism > Flashcards

Imperialism Flashcards

1
Q

imperialism: ….,…..,…, and …. domination

A

cultural, military, political, economic

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2
Q

(economic reasons) Europeans and japan obtained colonies for

A

raw materials for home industries

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3
Q

(economic reasons) raw materials:

A

iron, rubber, tea, oil, lumber

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4
Q

(economic reasons) U.S. had raw materials BUT:
1)
2)

A

1) had more food/ goods than could be consumed

2) needed markets to sell goods

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5
Q

(military reasons) Europeans and Japan had big …. to protect ….

A

militaries; overseas interests

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6
Q

(military reasons) admiral Alfred Mahan claimed that U.S. needed big … to protect … as well as … to ……

A

navy; interests; bases; re-supply ships

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7
Q

(military reasons) by 1898, U.S. had …. navy

A

3rd largest

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8
Q

(belief in national superiority) social Darwinism:

A

U.S. →superior→right to dominate

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9
Q

(belief in national superiority) survival of the fittest:

A

compete with nations or don’t survive as nation

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10
Q

1853- U.S. forces isolated Japan to

A

open to trade

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11
Q

1853 US forces Japan trade– Admiral Matthew Perry sails into

A

Tokyo Bay

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12
Q

1850s/60s: U.S. claims … and other small islands in …

A

Midway Island; middle Pacific

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13
Q

1820s-1870s: … and … in Hawaii

A

whalers; missionaries

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14
Q

Hawaii(1800s):

A

independent kingdom

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15
Q

by 1870s: U.S. sugar planters gain

A

influence in Hawaii

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16
Q

Hawaii and U.S. had treaties in … and …

A

1875; 1878

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17
Q

treaties between Hawaii and U.S.→ new Hawaiian constitution: only …..

A

large landowners (Americans) could vote

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18
Q

treaties between Hawaii and U.S.→U.S. naval base in

A

Pearl Harbor

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19
Q

(Crisis-1891) Queen Liliuokalani takes back power from ….; thus voiding

A

American planters; 1887 constitution

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20
Q

(Crisis-1891) new U.S. tariff threatens ..

A

sugar planters

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21
Q

(Crisis-1891) new tariff will cause Hawaiian sugar to

A

cost too much

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22
Q

(Crisis-1891) American planters and U.S. Ambassador …

A

overthrow queen in 1891

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23
Q

(Crisis-1891) ambassador uses … without real power for overthrowing

A

military

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24
Q

(Crisis-1891) “New Gov” demands U.S.

A

annex hawaii

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25
Q

(Crisis-1891) big controversy over ….

A

annexation of Hawaii

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26
Q

(Crisis-1891) in 1900, Hawaiian residents were considered … although Hawaii was not a …

A

U.S. citizens; state

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27
Q

(Spanish-American war) U.S. enters

A

world stage

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28
Q

(Spanish-American war) Spain is a … European power

A

2nd-rate

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29
Q

(Spanish-American war) spain owned

A

cuba, Puerto rico, Philippines

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30
Q

(Spanish-American war) spain was semi-respected but

A

weak

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31
Q

(Spanish-American war) by 1897, U.S. businesses had …. invested in ..

A

$50 million; Cuban operations

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32
Q

(Spanish-American war) cuba was …. miles from Florida

A

90

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33
Q

(Spanish-American war) by 1895, Cubans were in open …

A

rebellion against Spanish

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34
Q

(Spanish-American war) ….. led Cuban rebellion

A

Jose Marti

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35
Q

(Spanish-American war) Spanish General Weyler fought …, using …. and ….

A

harshly; concentration camps; executions

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36
Q

(Spanish-American war) U.S. interests: U.S. property

A

destroyed

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37
Q

(Spanish-American war) Americans …. to rebels

A

sympathetic

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38
Q

(Spanish-American war) Yellow journalism:

A

sensational, exaggerated reporting

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39
Q

(Spanish-American war) publishers Joseph Pulitzer and Hearst had competing newspapers, published things that affected …

A

public opinion

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40
Q

(Spanish-American war) De Lome Letter- Feb …

A

1898

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41
Q

(Spanish-American war) De Lome: Spanish … to U.S>

A

ambassador

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42
Q

(Spanish-American war) De Lome wrote letter to Spanish government that was … and …

A

stolen; published in NY paper

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43
Q

(Spanish-American war) in letter, DeLome describes McKinley as … and …

A

“weak”; “low politician”

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44
Q

(Spanish-American war) a national …., calls for …

A

insult; war

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45
Q

(Spanish-American war) Battleship U.S.S. Maine sent to Havana to …

A

protect U.S. interests

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46
Q

(Spanish-American war) On Feb 15, 1898, Maine …. (266 of … men killed)

A

explodes; 350

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47
Q

(Spanish-American war) Spanish …. blamed for Maine explosion, calls for …

A

mine; war increase

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48
Q

(Spanish-American war) Battle of Manila Bay (…..)- May ….

A

Philippines; 1898

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49
Q

(Spanish-American war) Battle of Manila Bay- Admiral Dewey…. and ….

A

attacks; destroys Spanish fleet

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50
Q

(Spanish-American war) Battle of Manila Bay- … marines land in …

A

15,000; August 1898

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51
Q

(Spanish-American war) after 15,000 marines arrive, Spanish troops …

A

surrender

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52
Q

(Spanish-American war) …. volunteers joined U.S. Army

A

200,000

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53
Q

(Spanish-American war) U.S. army:

1) most weapons …
2) poor …./ .. meat

A

1) obsolete

2) supplies; rotten

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54
Q

(Spanish-American war) rough riders: special

A

cavalry unit

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55
Q

(Spanish-American war) rough riders led by

A

Teddy Roosevelt

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56
Q

(Spanish-American war) Rough riders consist of … and eastern …

A

cowboys; eastern college types

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57
Q

(Spanish-American war) U.S. navy …

A

blockades Cuba

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58
Q

(Spanish-American war) 17,000 American troops land near … in June …

A

Santiago; 1898

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59
Q

(Spanish-American war) Battle San Juan Hill- July …

A

1898

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60
Q

(Spanish-American war) Battle of San Juan Hill- Americans attack, take heights that …

A

dominate Santiago

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61
Q

(Spanish-American war) Battle of San Juan Hill- TR plays a key role→ celebrated …, earns …

A

celebrated hero; congressional medal of honor

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62
Q

(Spanish-American war) battle of san juan hill: Spanish tried to …

A

flee

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63
Q

(Spanish-American war) fighting is over by

A

august 1898

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64
Q

(Spanish-American war) …. Americans died

A

3,000

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65
Q

(Spanish-American war) only … Americans died in combat, the rest died from …

A

380; disease/ food poisoning

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66
Q

(Spanish-American war) spain surrenders … and … to U.S.

A

Puerto Rico; Guam (Pacific Islands)

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67
Q

(Spanish-American war) Philippines sold to U.S. for

A

$20 million

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68
Q

(Spanish-American war) significance: U.S. military defeats a

A

European power

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69
Q

(Spanish-American war) “A splendid ….” →secretary of state …

A

little war; John Hay

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70
Q

(Spanish-American war) U.S. now has

A

colonies

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71
Q

(Spanish-American war) U.S> is now a player on the

A

world stage

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72
Q

Teller Amendment: U.S. can’t

A

annex Cuba

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73
Q

Cuba independent but: U.S. troops

A

stay until 1902

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74
Q

Cuba independent but: Platt Amendment to …. allows U.S. to maintain

A

Cuban constitution; authority

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75
Q

platt amendment: u.s. must approve …., U.S. can have naval base at …., U.S. has ability to …

A

treaties; Guantanamo Bay; “preserve order”

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76
Q

Cuba is a protectorate: independent but …

A

foreign affairs controlled by U.S.

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77
Q

Puerto Rico is …; military rule until …

A

annexed; 1900

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78
Q

Puerto rico gives strategic entrance to …, … and proposed …

A

Caribbean, Gulf of Mexico, canal

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79
Q

foraker act (1900): U.S. president appoints most of Puerto Rican … (Puerto Ricans are not …)

A

government; citizens

80
Q

Jones-Shafroth Act (1917): Puerto Ricans become

A

U.S. citizens

81
Q

Jones- Shafroth Act passed during time of WWI to boost … of Puerto Ricans

A

loyalty

82
Q

Puerto Rico Status Referendum: Puerto Ricans vote in favor of

A

statehood

83
Q

question of what to do with the

A

Philippines

84
Q

the Philippines has …. people in far away …

A

7 million; Asia

85
Q

Do we give Philippines…, keep it as a …, or … it

A

independence; protectorate; annex

86
Q

Anti-Imperialist League: opposed to

A

territorial expansion

87
Q

Anti-Imperialist League had …. members

A

25,000

88
Q

anti-imperialist league was diverse. some members include

A 
grover Cleveland
Andrew Carnegie
Samuel gompers (labor leader)
Mark Twain
Harvard & Stanford presidents
89
Q

(Pro-annexation of Philippines) stepping stone to

A

Asia–> trade

90
Q

(Pro-annexation of Philippines) if not U.S keeping Philippines, then…

A

others, such as Germany and Japan, will

91
Q

(Pro-annexation of Philippines) lift up and

A

civilize Filipinos

92
Q

(anti-annexation of Philippines) against our

A

principles (right to self govern)

93
Q

(anti-annexation of Philippines) people were

A

racist

94
Q

(anti-annexation of Philippines) do not want …. to be part of U.S.

A

non-whites

95
Q

(anti-annexation of Philippines) cheap labor undercuts

A

U.S. workers

96
Q

senate approves treaty of paris by just

A

1 vote for 2/3 required majority

97
Q

important question: does U.S. constitution

A

follow the flag?

98
Q

does constitution follow the flag means: do people of territories deserve

A

citizenship and rights?

99
Q

insular cases (decision): constitution doesn’t automatically

A

apply to U.S. held territories

100
Q

Philippines annexed: Filipinos are not …. which causes …

A

citizens; resentment

101
Q

Emilio Aguinaldo turns rebels against

A

U.S.

102
Q

brutal war: … and … on part of U.S.

A

atrocities; concentration camps

103
Q

…. Filipinos killed

A

200,000

104
Q

…. U.S. troops killed

A

6,000

105
Q

the Filipino insurrection cost ….

A

$400 million

106
Q

Aguinaldo captured in

A

1901

107
Q

July 4, 190: insurrection is

A

over

108
Q

pardon is granted to

A

all rebels

109
Q

end of insurrection and pardon is due to

A

teddy Roosevelt

110
Q

(philippines) 1901: taft begins building

A

roads, bridges, schools

111
Q

(philippines) 1902: limited

A

self-government

112
Q

(philippines) 1916: jones Act- more…, eventual …

A

self-government; independence

113
Q

(philippines) 1934: independence set for

A

1944

114
Q

(philippines) independence is delayed by … during WWII

A

Japanese occupation

115
Q

(philippines) 1946: gained

A

full independence

116
Q

Big stick diplomacy (TR): create and use when necessary a

A

strong military to achieve U.S. goals

117
Q

TR updated the Monroe doctrine to allow the rule of “….” for U.S in …

A

police power; Latin America

118
Q

TR’s update to the Monroe doctrine is the

A

Roosevelt corollary

119
Q

u.s. bought rights for proposed panama canal in

A

1903 from French company

120
Q

Roosevelt saw canal as

A

essential for U.S.

121
Q

the canal would benefit economy through:

A

shorter trips for ships

122
Q

the canal would benefit military by allowing U.S. to quickly shift

A

warships between Atlantic and Pacific

123
Q

problem: Panama was a province of ….

A

Colombia

124
Q

Colombia didn’t want to offer U.S. a

A

deal

125
Q

big stick in action: TR provides aid to

A

Panamanian rebels

126
Q

big stick in action: tr sends U.S. navy off coast of

A

panama (no shots)

127
Q

panama becomes independent and allows access to annex canal zone for

A

$10 million + $250,000 per year

128
Q

canal opens in 1914: saved 8000 miles/ 45 days from

A

NY to San Francisco

129
Q

dollar diplomacy used by

A

president taft

130
Q

taft’s idea was to use money instead of … to achieve U.S. goals in ..

A

military Latin America

131
Q

(dollar diplomacy-taft) Promote U.S. investment in

A

mines, plantations, oil and railroads

132
Q

(dollar diplomacy-taft) still used …. e.g. … in 1909 - 1910

A

military; Nicaragua

133
Q

(moral diplomacy- President Wilson) promote “

A

human rights, national integrity and opportunity”

134
Q

(moral diplomacy- President Wilson) U.S. won’t seen any new …. (for most part, this remained …)

A

territory; true

135
Q

(moral diplomacy- President Wilson) Wilson set the … for

A

tone; future presidents

136
Q

(moral diplomacy- President Wilson) Wilson did send troops to

a. ….
b. …

A

a. Haiti in 1915 (until 1934)

b. D.R. in 1917 (until 1924)

137
Q

1911: Mexican

A

revolution

138
Q

Madero→president, supported by

A

Wilson

139
Q

1913: Huerta overthrows Madero and executes him and Wilson doesn’t

A

support Huerta

140
Q

1914: Wilson helps some guy overthrow

A

huerta

141
Q

1914: rebels are unhappy with the new guy’s

A

slow pace

142
Q

Francisco “Pancho” Villa:

A

rebel leader

143
Q

Villa comes in New Mexico and kills

A

18 americans

144
Q

because of Villa’s actions Wilson sends…. under general

A

10,000 troops into Mexico; Pershing

145
Q

U.S. never catches Villa and leaves Mexico in

A

1917 due to WWI

146
Q

(China) spheres of influence: zones of special privileges and access to … circa …

A

Chinese markets granted to foreign powers; 1900

147
Q

(China) U.S. blocked from

A

trade with China

148
Q

(China) Secretary of State John Hay wrote to great powers in 1899:

A

Britain, France, Russia, Germany, etc.

149
Q

(China) Hay’s letter was about the open door policy, but he was

A

ignored

150
Q

(China) Chinese secret society “the Boxers” rose up to

A

cast out “foreign devils”

151
Q

(China) Boxers were … strong

A

100M - 300M

152
Q

(China) boxers killed … and attacked ..

A

missionaries; embassies

153
Q

(China) …. foreign troops crush ..

A

20,000; rebellion

154
Q

(China) aftermath of boxer rebellion: Hay

A

writes again

155
Q

(China) open door: free … (all …)

A

trade; china

156
Q

(China) open door: respect China’s

A

independence

157
Q

(China) open door: U.S. doesn’t want

A

colonies in China

158
Q

(China) Nine Power Treaty (1922): great powers agree to

A

hay’s open door policy

159
Q

(Japan pre-1867) japan was isolated until

A

1853

160
Q

(Japan pre-1867) japan had no …, no…, guns were … because they were considered ….

A

trade; foreigners; banned; unmanly

161
Q

(Japan pre-1867) the Japanese used … and … for weapons

A

swords; bows and arrows

162
Q

(Japan pre-1867) Japan had controlled contact with

A

dutch and Chinese traders in Nagasaki only

163
Q

(treaty of kanagawa) 1853: U.S. Commmodore Perry and 4 warships were sent to

A

Japan

164
Q

(treaty of kanagawa) U.S. forced japan to open to

A

u.s. trade

165
Q

(treaty of kanagawa) trade was … at first but then it was expanded against …

A

limited; Japan’s will

166
Q

(treaty of kanagawa) extraterritoriality: U.S. citizens exempt from

A

Japan’s laws

167
Q

(treaty of kanagawa) 1862, Shogun sent officials and scholars to China to

A

study the situation there

168
Q

(treaty of kanagawa) forward thinking nobles resent Shogun for

A

unequal treaty with U.S.

169
Q

(treaty of kanagawa) Japan was considered to be at

A

risk

170
Q

(treaty of kanagawa) overthrew … and restored …

A

Shogun; emperor

171
Q

(treaty of kanagawa) began process of

A

major reforms

172
Q

(treaty of kanagawa) emperor Meiji:

A

1868-1912

173
Q

(1868-1900) Japan modernizes using

A

western model

174
Q

(1868-1900) modernized Japan:

A

industrialization, market economy, social changes (business class respected), modern army and navy

175
Q

(1868-1900) new slogan: “Japanese spirit,

A

Western technology!”

176
Q

(1868-1900) 1900: Russia and Japan were competing for dominance in

A

Korea and northeast China

177
Q

(1868-1900) Japan resented Europeans and America in Asia because they wanted to

A

dominate Asia

178
Q

(1868-1900) Japan wins war with China for

A

dominance in Korea

179
Q

Russo-Japanese war from 1904-1905: tensions

A

rising

180
Q

Feb 1904: surprise naval attack by Japan

A

destroys Russian fleet

181
Q

Russo-Japanese war: high

A

casualties

182
Q

Russia losing war and there is a

A

revolution at home

183
Q

Czar forced to recognize a

A

Parliament

184
Q

Japanese financial and military resources were

A

depleted despite victories

185
Q

treaty of portsmouth: japan influence over

A

korea recognized

186
Q

treaty of Portsmouth: Russian troops out of

A

Manchuria

187
Q

treaty of Portsmouth: Japan gets half of

A

Sakhalin Island

188
Q

TR gets … for the treaty of portsmouth

A

nobel peace prize

189
Q

significance of war: Non-European nation defeats major

A

European power

190
Q

San Francisco Board of Ed-1906: Asian children couldn’t

A

attend school with white kids

191
Q

decision of San Fran BOE causes outrage. Japanese government is … and there is talk of …

A

insulted; war

192
Q

TR takes action through the

A

“gentlemen’s Agreement”

193
Q

Gentlemen’s agreement: san fran schools no longer

A

segregate

194
Q

gentlement’s agreement: Japan agrees to limit

A

immigration

195
Q

(great white fleet) tr orders U.S. fleet (including 16 battleships) for a

A

good will cruise around the world

196
Q

(great white fleet) painted white to emphasize

A

“peaceful” intensions

197
Q

(great white fleet) purpose: to show the world that the U.S. has a

A

big stick (big navy)

US2H (15 decks)

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