The Seventies Flashcards
1
Q
(nixon foreign policy) by the late 1960s, the Soviet Union and Communist China had a …. despite their …
A
falling out; common ideology
2
Q
(nixon foreign policy) nixon and his national security advisor …. thought in terms of “…”
A
Henry Kissinger; Realpolitik
3
Q
(nixon foreign policy) realpolitik: following polices that are driven by … rather than …
A
national interest; pure ideology
4
Q
(feb 1972- nixon “opens” china) nixon travelled to
A
beijing
5
Q
(feb 1972- nixon “opens” china) the nations agreed to eventually “…” relations
A
normalize
6
Q
(feb 1972- nixon “opens” china) the U.S. recognized Taiwan as … (… policy)
A
part of China; One China
7
Q
(feb 1972- nixon “opens” china) … gov’t replaced Taiwan on the U.N. …
A
Beijing; Security Council
8
Q
(feb 1972- nixon “opens” china) … would be developed
A
economic ties
9
Q
(feb 1972- nixon “opens” china) paved way for China’s … into the … and strong … ties with the U.S. today
A
integration; world economy; economic
10
Q
(may 1972) nixon meets with soviets in
A
moscow
11
Q
(may 1972) nixon plays his “…” card to usher in an era of … (….) with Soviets: Soviets worried about closer … relations
A
China; detente; relaxed tensions; U.S./China
12
Q
(may 1972) outcome: …. Treaty
A
Anti-Ballistic Missile (ABM)
13
Q
(may 1972) ABM Treaty: : limited … systems, trust, decreasing chance of …
A
missile interception; nuclear war
14
Q
(may 1972) outcome: …. Treaty #1
A
Strategic Arms Limitation (SALT)
15
Q
(may 1972) SALT #1: froze …. for .. years
A
nuclear missile count; 5
16
Q
(may 1972) outcome: nixon played off the two major communist powers against each other in order to: bring china into the … (…% of the world population); reduce the threat of …
A
world order; 25; nuclear war
17
Q
(may 1972) also- would make each less likely to react to his increased
A
Nam bombing and Cambodia/Laos activity
18
Q
(nixon domestic) established the … in 1970
A
environmental protection agency (EPA)
19
Q
(nixon domestic) the E.P.A. writes and enforces regulations on … and … with the goal of protecting human … and the …
A
business; industry; health; environment
20
Q
(nixon domestic) also passed the … and …. acts in 1970 and 1973 respectively
A
Clean Air; Endangered Species
21
Q
(nixon domestic-civil rights) enforced court ordered … of schools, including forced … of children to schools outside their neighborhood although Nixon said he was personally against …
A
desegregation; busing; busing
22
Q
(nixon domestic-civil rights) philadelphia plan: applied “…” policy on businesses doing work with
A
affirmative action; federal gov’t
23
Q
(nixon domestic-civil rights) philadelphia plan: required to hire … in proportion to their … of … in that area
A
minorities; % population
24
Q
(election of 1972) after the debacle of the Democratic Convention in 1968, more … were added to the candidate … process
A
primaries; selection
25
(nixon domestic) nixon declares ... "public enemy number one in the United States": created the ...., awards ... an honorary DEA badge
drug abuse; Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA); Elvis
26
(election of 1972) primaries vs. whims of political ... in "...."
big shots; smoke-filled room
27
(election of 1972) democrats nominate Sen. ... (D-SD)
George McGovern
28
(election of 1972) Mcgovern promised to end the .. within ... days of taking office
Vietnam war; 90
29
(election of 1972) mcgovern advocated a guaranteed ... for all citizens
minimum income
30
(election of 1972) mcgovern represented the ... of the democratic party
left wing
31
(election of 1972) ... also ran in the Democratic primary
Alabama Governor George Wallace
32
(election of 1972) Wallace was ... and ... by a white would-be assassin
shot; paralyzed
33
(election of 1972) Wallace's assassin motivated by "..." not ...
fame; politics
34
(election of 1972: nixon record) Nixon had ... expertise (... &...)
foreign policy; china; russia
35
(election of 1972: nixon record) domestic polices (... & ...)
environment; civil rights
36
(election of 1972: nixon record) Vietnamization (true to his word): .. troops in Nam (1972) vs. .... troops (1968) → despite massive ... in .../...
30M; 536M; bombing; Cambodia/Laos
37
(election of 1972: nixon record) "southern strategy": Knew southern whites were ... with democrats because of civil rights
disgruntled
38
(election of 1972: nixon record) when campaigning in the south, his speeches emphasized: ..., ... and ... → "...." politics
states' rights; law; order; "dog whistle"
39
(election of 1972: nixon record) "southern strategy": furthered migration of Southern whites to the ....
Republican party
40
(election of 1972: nixon record) nixon ... (... % electoral, 77, 718, 554 popular)
wins; 96.6
41
(watergate scandal) June 17, 1972: five men caught breaking into ... in ... with... devices
democratic election HQ; Watergate Complex; wire tapping
42
(watergate scandal) june 17, 1972: nixon campaign denies any connection to this "..."→ did not affect the ...
3rd rate burglary; 1972 election
43
(watergate scandal) not much more attention until: one of the convicted burglars writes to ...., advises that much of his testimony was ... under pressure from ... and ....
Federal Jude John Sirica; perjured; White House counsel John Dean; former Attorney General John Mitchell
44
(watergate scandal) Washington Post reporters Woodward and Bernstein had been on this story since the start, had the anonymous source feeding them info; "..."
deep throat
45
(watergate scandal) In 200, it was revealed that ... was "deep throate"
Deputy FBI Director Mark Felt
46
(watergate scandal) the washington post published that Watergate burglars were linked to ...
C.R.E.E.P
47
(watergate scandal) C.R.E.E.P:
the committee for the Re-Election of the President
48
(watergate scandal) Washington post alleged CREEP used ... in campaign ... to buy the ... of the burglars
$500,000; donations; silence
49
(watergate scandal) CREEP Policy: "use available Federal ... to screw our ...": ..., ..., ..
machinery; political enemies; IRS; FBI; CIA
50
(watergate scandal) April 1973: nixon denies any connection to ..., but three ... resign, fires ... (....)
watergate break in; top advisors; john dean; white house counsel
51
(watergate scandal) May-Aug 1973: Senate Watergate Commission Hearings: John Dean says Nixon discussed ....with him ... times
watergate cover-up; 35
52
(watergate scandal) May-Aug 1973: Senate Watergate Commission Hearings: WH aide ... was asked if there was a .... in Oval Office: YES!
Alexander Butterfield; recording system
53
(watergate scandal) senate committee demands nixon turn over tapes: nixon ...
refuses
54
(watergate scandal) oct 1973: ..... resigns: corruption while ....
Vice President Spiro Agnew; Governor of Maryland
55
(watergate scandal) .... appointed VP
Congressman Gerald Ford (R-MI)
56
(watergate scandal) nov 1973: Nixon "...." speech
I am not a crook
57
(watergate scandal) April 1974: Nixon releases ... transcripts of the tapes: "... deleted", other words blackened out for "...." reasons
redacted; expletive; national security
58
(watergate scandal) July 1974: supreme Court orders release of actual tapes: ... minutes were deleted BUT- one tape contained the "...."
18.5
59
(watergate scandal) Smoking Gun: a conversation between Nixon and an aide that discussed using the ... to call off the .... regarding Watergate
CIA; FBI investigation
60
(watergate scandal) House Judiciary Committee votes to start
impeachment proceedings
61
(watergate scandal) House Judiciary Committee chairman was
Rep. Peter Rodino (D-NJ)
62
(watergate scandal) Aug 1974: Top Senate Republicans advise Nixon that there are enough ... to ... if impeached
votes; convict him
63
(watergate scandal) aug 8 1974: nixon broadcasts that he will
resign the next day
64
(watergate scandal) aug 9 1974: nixon ..., vice president ... is sworn in as president → only president not ...
resigns; gerald ford; elected directly or indirectly
65
(watergate scandal) Proclamation 4311 (Sept 1973) pardoned former president nixon for any and all ... he may have committed while president, enormously ...
crimes; controversial
66
(fall of saigon) Saigon (south vietnam) fell to ... on ...
NVA forces; April 30, 1975
67
July 4th, 1976:
200th anniversary after declaration
68
(election of 1976) president gerald ford would run for election in his
own right
69
(election of 1976) ford challenged in primaries by ...: ... governor of California; leader of .... of Republican party
Ronald Reagan; 2 time; Conservative wing
70
(election of 1976) ford not confirmed as nominee until
august convention
71
(election of 1976) democratic primary field was
crowded
72
(election of 1976) former georgia governor ... wins the democratic nomination
jimmy carter
73
(election of 1976) carter positioned himself as an "...."- not part of the ...
outsider; Washington establishment
74
(election of 1976) the return of ...: last done in ...
televised debates; 1960
75
(election of 1976) .... wins the first debate: paints ... as ...
Ford; Carter; inexperienced
76
(election of 1976) ... wins the second: ... flubs
carter; ford
77
(election of 1976) second debate Ford says; "there is no ... of Eastern Europe and there never will be under a ford administration"
"I do not believe the poles consider themselves doinated by the ..."
soviet domination; soviet union
78
(election of 1976) economic woes: ... → high ... and ... with slow ... growth
stagflation; inflation; unemployment; economic
79
(election of 1976) stagflation was because of the decline of ...: cheap .... & the 1973 ...
U.S. manufacturing; overseas labor; Energy Crisis
80
(energy crisis) ... put an embargo on ... to U.S.
O.P.E.C.; oil sales
81
(energy crisis) embargo because U.S. provided material support to ... during 1973 ...
Israel; Yom Kippur War
82
(energy crisis) ... and massive ... increase: gas shot up ...%
shortages; price; 44
83
(energy crisis) oil was now a ... and ... no more
weapon; cheap energy
84
(election of 1976) ... wins: won back a lot of ..., ... electoral, ... popular vote
carter; southerners; 297; 50%
85
(carter presidency) full diplomatic relations with ...: the ... gov't
Peoples Republic of China; Beijing
86
(carter presidency) agreed to return ... to ... in 1999: U.S. would still be responsible for ...
Panama Canal Zone; Panama; security
87
(carter presidency) Camp David Peace Accords (1978): The Jewish state of Israel had been declared in ..., israel fought ... with Arab neighbors (mainly ... and ...) since then
1948; 4 wars; Egypt; Syria
88
(carter presidency) Camp David Peace Accords (1978): mediated negotiations between Israel and ...: a framework for ... was established
Egypt; peace
89
(carter presidency) Camp David Peace Accords (1978): egypt-israel peace treaty signed in ...: sadat ... by .... in 1981
March 1979; assassinated; Egyptian extremists
90
(carter presidency) Camp David Peace Accords (1978): carter ended ... years of ... between Israel and its Arab neighbors: though a peace with ... remains elusive to this day
30; war; Palestinians
91
(carter presidency- trouble) .... continued: + ...% inflation, ... on loans (..%); .... (...%)
stagflation; +10%; interest rates; 20; unemployed; 7.1
92
(carter presidency- trouble) Energy crisis of ....: ...
1979; OPEC raised prices
93
(carter presidency- trouble) soviets invade ....: U.S. boycott of ..., end of ...
Afghanistan; 1980 Moscow Olympics; detente
94
(carter presidency- trouble) Iran Revolution: muslim fundamentalists ..., a U.S. ...
overthrow the Shah, a U.S. ally
95
(carter presidency- trouble) Iran Revolution: mobs attack ... and hold ... americans ...: military rescue effort ...
U.S. embassy; 52; hostage; fails
96
(election of 1980) carter is challenged by ... (D-MA): carter nomination in question until ...
Sen. Ted Kennedy; Convention
97
(election of 1980) republican candidate: Ronald Reagan: former ..., ... california governor, ran in ...
hollywood actor; 2x; 1976
98
(election of 1980) reagan platform: ... government, lower ..., reduce ...
anti-big; taxes; business regulations
99
(election of 1980) reagan platform: tough stance vs. soviets: foreign ...
enemies
100
(election of 1980) reagan platform: promote "...": anti ...
family values; counter culture
101
(election of 1980) reagan platform: antecedent to current
republican party
102
(election of 1980) reagan gained support of : ..., ..., ...
fiscal conservatives; big business; religious fundamentalists
103
(election of 1980) reagan democrats: dissatisfied ... (traditional democrats): struggling ... (loss of ...)
working class whites; economically; industrial jobs
104
(election of 1980) reagan democrats: perception of the democrat's "..." with ...
pre-occupation; minorities
105
(election of 1980) reagan ... without a ...: john anderson won some of the votes that would have gone to ..., ... electoral
wins; majority; reagan; 489
106
(ronald reagan) .. years old (oldest elected POTUS until Trump)
69
107
(ronald reagan) ... hostages in Iran ... on inauguration day
53; released
108
(ronald reagan) goals: fiscal ... (no ...), shrink ... (reverse 50 years of ... programs), cut ... and ...
fitness; deficits; gov't; new deal style; taxes; regulations
109
(ronald reagan) 2015 federal spending: ...% health and social security, ...% defense, similar to seventies during reagan's time
53%; 16%
110
(ronald reagan) reagan assassination attempt: John hinckley Jr. wanted to impress ...
actress Jodie Foster
111
(ronald reagan) Reagan assassination attempt: reagan: "I hope you're all ..." to ...: humor
Republicans; hospital staff;
112
(ronald reagan) reaganomics: supply-side economics → contain ... and cut ..: this would boost ..- creating economic ... and ...
spending; taxes; investment; growth; jobs
113
(ronald reagan) reaganomics: reality: recession 1982-83: ...% unemployment and there were massive ...: exceeded all debt ever created by ...: goal was to outspend the ... and ... them
11; deficits; federal gov; soviets; bankrupt
114
(ronald reagan) the economy started to grow in late ...: but ... grew- like 1920s and now, ... cut in aid to ...
1983; income inequality; $35B; low income families
115
(ronald reagan) YUPPIES (...): conspicuous ....- BMWs & Rolexes
Young Upwardly Mobile Professionals; wealth
116
(election of 1984) ... vs ...
mondale; reagan
117
(election of 1984) ... wins, mondale was the .. under Carter
reagan; vice president
118
(cold war) goal:
outspend the Soviets
119
(cold war) S.D.I. (...): problematic: essentially ..., could promote ...; "... program"
Strategic defense initiative; anti-missile laser beams; nuclear war; star wars
120
(cold war) .... speech
berlin wall
121
(cold war) gorbachev: glasnost- ..., perestroika- ...., 4 ... with Reagan, I.N.F.- ....
openness; economic restructuring; summits; intermediate-range nuclear forces treaty
122
(more reagan) iran-contra: publically support ../ sell ... to ...→iran and iraq were in the midst of ...
Iraq; arms; Iran; war
123
(more reagan) iran-contra: use ... to fund ... in Nicaragua
money; right-wing contras
124
(more reagan) stock market crash: dow jones dropped .. pts - oct 19 1987
508
125
(more reagan) stock market crash: largest ... at that pt
one day drop
126
(more reagan) election of 1988 between: michael dukakis: democrat, governor of ...
george h.w. bush:... under reagan
massachusetts; vice president
127
(more reagan) ..., ... wins
bentsen; bush
128
(george h.w. bush) persian gulf war- kuwait: ... invaded kuwait,defeated ... in kuwait but did not go past border
saddam hussein; iraqis
129
(george h.w. bush) poland: first to agitate against
soviet rule
130
(george h.w. bush) berlin wall: came down in
1989
131
(george h.w. bush) collapse of the soviet union: reagan's policy
accelerated this breakdown
132
(george h.w. bush) recession, taxes: "Read my lips. no ..." → he did not remain true to this
new taxes
133
(historical role of women) pre-1849: 2nd class citizens, no ..., defer to .... or .... on all matters
vote; husband; male family
134
(historical role of women) 1849-1920: first wave of feminism: ...., also ... and .....
Seneca Falls, Eliz. Cady Stanton, NAWSA; Alice Paul; Suffragettes
135
(historical role of women) 1849-1920: WWI: women take
war jobs
136
(historical role of women) 1920- ... ratified
19th amendment → the vote
137
(historical role of women) 1920-1941: flappers, yes, but... limited to "women's":
teachers, nurses, secretaries, shop clerks
138
(historical role of women) WW2: women again play
critical role in war effort
139
(historical role of women) 1946-early 1960s: traditional "..." jobs; ...-- especially in booming ...
women's; housewife/mother; suburbs
140
(Betty Friedan: 1921-2006) .... college; ... (socialist) fired for her ....; .../....
smith; journalist; 2nd pregnancy; wife; mother
141
(Betty Friedan: 1921-2006) ....: 1963/64 best-seller
The Feminine Mystique
142
(Gloria Steinem 1934- ) ... college; ..., ..., ...
smith; journalist; feminist; political activist;
143
(Gloria Steinem 1934- ) undercover ... to determine if women were being ...; pro-... activist; pro-.... activist; founded .... (1972)
Playboy Bunny; exploited; choice; E.R.A. "Ms." magazine
144
(Gloria Steinem 1934- ) "Honey, if men could get pregnant, abortion would be a ...."
sacrament.
145
(helen gurley brown) ... college; advertising ...; 1962 -- "..."
Woodbury Business; copy writer; Sex and the Single Girl;
146
(helen gurley brown) "Sex and the Single Girl": advice book about how women could achieve "..., ..., and ..."
love; sex; money
147
(helen gurley brown) 1965- editor-in-chief of
"cosmopolitan" magazine
148
(helen gurley brown) critic: ...: "...."
Betty Friedan: "immature teenage-level fantasy"
149
(Bella Abzug) ..., ..., .... (1971-73) (D-NY); advocated for ... and ... rights
lawyer; political activist; congresswoman; women; LGBT
150
(key developments) Birth control pill introduced ... (margaret sanger (1920s) A woman should be "absolute ... of her own body.")
1960; mistress
151
(key developments) Roe v. Wade (1973): affirmed legal right to ... (in the ....); alternative: unsafe "..." procedures
abortion; 1st trimester; back alley
152
(key developments) current challenges to Roe v. Wade: Virginia ...., Texas ....; ... laws; De-fund ...; ...
vaginal probes; Abortion Clinic regulations; Personhood; Planned Parenthood; Supreme Court make-up
153
(E.R.A) Section 1. Equality of rights under the law shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any State on account of
sex.
154
(E.R.A) Section 2. The Congress shall have the power to enforce, by appropriate legislation, the
provisions of this article.
155
(E.R.A) Section 3. This amendment shall take effect ... after the date of ratification
two years
156
(Phyllis Schlafly) Anti-..., ..., ...
ERA; Constitutional lawyer; conservative republican
157
(E.R.A) E.R.A ratification was a ....; not voted for by ...
failure; conservative south
158
(gender income gap) fact: the avg. women's salary is ...% of the avg. male salary
80
159
(gender income gap) why? job ....: wall st vs. teachers, ....
concentrations; maternity leave
