The Roman Republic (Chapter 4) Flashcards
Rome was placed next to what river?
The Tiber River
The Romans called what sea “Mare Nostrum” which means “our sea”?
The Mediterranean Sea
What were the two (groups) pre-roman people?
Etruscans and Latins
Where did the Etruscans come from?
[probably] Asia
Where did the Latin’s come from?
The North
Rome was formed by the “_______________________.”
League of Seven Hills
What two twin brothers were in the legend of Rome?
Romulus and Remus
Did Romulus kill Remus, or Remus kill Romulus?
Romulus killed Remus.
What was the basic unit in Rome?
The family
What all was included in the family?
Family members
Slaves
Property
Who was the sole authority in the family?
The Father
How much power did the Father have?
A lot (he could exercise capital punishment)
What is “father” in Latin?
“Pater”
What were the three social groups in Rome?
Tribes
Clans
Families
What is a group of families called?
A Clan
What is a group of Clans called?
A Tribe
What social class were WEALTHY LAND OWNERS and NOBLE FAMILIES?
Patricians
What social class were COMMONERS and WORKING CLASSES?
Plebeians
What responsibilities did the King have?
He was the chief priest, commander of the army, and administrator of justice.
What was a symbol of the Kings power?
Faces (weird looking axe thing)
How did the king become king?
Elected by the people
After the Native Romans overthrew the Etruscans in 509 BC, what/who became the ruler(s) of the country?
Consuls
How many consuls were there?
Two
How many years was a term for a consul?
One yr.
What was the most important and most powerful body of the republic?
The Senate
What determined the membership and voting procedures of the various assemblies?
Wealth, birth, and place of residence
The tribunes exercised the power to do what?
Veto
The __________ was posted in the Roman Forum
The Law of Twelve Tables
In 287 BC the plebeian assembly, now called the _______ assembly, gained the power to pass laws binding upon all the people of Rome.
The Tribal Assembly
Who won a war, but lost more than it was worth in the long run?
Pyrrhus
How did Rome treat her conquered subjects?
With mercy and fairness instead of force and oppression.
The Punic wars were fought between _____ and _____.
Rome and Carthage
Who had better ships, Carthage or Rome?
Carthage
Who had a better land army, Carthage or Rome?
Rome
What is it called when an army is hired to fight?
Mercenary
What was the first Punic war fought over?
Sicily
In which Punic war did Rome capture one of Carthage’s ships and copied it?
The first Punic war
Who took elephants and army across the alps?
Hannibal
What tactic was used in the Battle of Cannae?
A “U” shaped tactic
Scipio should be associated with which Punic war?
The second
True or False: In the second Punic war Rome defeated Carthage, Carthage was forced to surrender, give up all their territory outside of North Africa, their fleet was reduced to only 10 vessels, and they had to pay a great sum to Rome for war damages.
True
Who won the second Punic war?
Rome
Who said “but I declare that Carthage and must be destroyed.”
Cato
True or false: Rome was destroyed in the third Punic war.
False
What two brothers wanted a land reform?
Tiberius and Gaius Gracchus
Who was Tiberius’s and Gaius’s grandfather?
Scipio
Who fought for the common man in the first Civil War?
Marius
Who fought for the Senate in the first Civil War?
Sulla
What three men were involved in the second Civil War?
Crassus, Pompey, and Julius Caesar
When did Julius Caesar die?
March 44 BC
When and where were the Octavian’s defeated during the third Civil War?
31 BC off the coast of Greece
True or false: Cesar crossed the Rubicon.
True
What was the ancient title given to the commander of a victorious army.
Imperator
