Chapter 13 Flashcards
What were the explorers need?
- maps
- compasses (instruments)
- ships
What were the three motives for exploration?
“For gold, glory, and God”
Prince Henry “_____”
The navigator
Who “found” the Cape of Good Hope?
Dias
Who was the first European to reach India by sailing around Africa?
Vasco da Gama
Where did Christopher Columbus land?
San Salvador
What does San Salvador mean?
“Holy Savior”
Who was the first person to circumnavigate the world?
Magellan
What civilization is known for the following: art, calendar, gone when explorers came?
Mayan
What was the capital of the Aztec civilization?
Tenochitlán
What nation is known for being fighters?
Aztec
Who destroyed the Aztec civilization?
Cortés
Who destroyed the Inca civilization?
Pizarro
What was the document and that basically stated that Spain had the rights to America?
Requerimento
What did the Requerimento state?
- Pope has God’s authority
- Pope gives Spain New World
- Indians can become Catholic and Spanish
Who is known as the “Father of New France”?
Samuel de Champlain
What to explorers explored the Mississippi River and claimed the land west of it?
Marquette and Joliet
What hired Italian explorer led the first English exploration to the New World?
John Cobot
Who controlled the Indian trading post?
Pedro Cabral
Describe the difference between mercantilism and capitalism.
Mercantilism – money for mother country
Capitalism – money for individual
_____ went to China when he was 17 years old.
Marco Polo
Where was Christopher Columbus sent from?
Spain
Pope Alexander VI set the line dividing the land given to Portugal and Spain. This is known as _____.
The line of demarcation
Japan was _____ friendly than China.
More
Who sparked in the interest in exploration?
Marco Polo
How did Marco Polo spark the interest in exploration?
By telling stories of his explorations
The _____ provided western Europe with the means, namely navigational equipment and finances, to reach the Orient.
The Renaissance
What is the term that describes the system of determining wealth by gold?
Mercantilism
Mercantilism = well for for the _____.
Mother country
What is a point’s (on the earth) distance from the equator known as?
Latitude
What two countries make up the Iberian Peninsula?
Spain and Portugal
_____ and _____ where the leading nations of the age of exploration.
Spain and Portugal
Who was largely responsible for Portugal’s early success in exploration?
Prince Henry “The navigator”
Who is known as “The greatest figure in the history of exploration”?
Prince Henry “the navigator”
Who started a school of navigation?
Print Henry “the navigator”
Who were the three major explorers of Portugal?
Prince Henry “the navigator”
Dias
Vasco da Gama
When did Christopher Columbus land?
August 1492
Who is the man that America is named after?
Amerigo Vespucci
Hearing of Amerigo Vespucci’s discovery, German mapmaker _____ began to sell maps of the new world, referring to it as America.
Waldseemöller
North Eastern Indians
Known for…
Confederation (they work/banded together)
South Eastern Indians
Know for…
Mound (grave) builders
Plains Indians
Known for…
Herds (Buffalo)
Southwestern Indians
Known for…
Cliff dwellers
West coast Indians
Known for…
Small tribes
The Inca empire flourished along the western coast of South America where _____ is today.
Peru
What civilization is known for being the most sophisticated?
Inca
Who were conquistadors?
Spanish conquerors
Who was the first person to see the Pacific?
Balboa
Who is known as “the greatest of the conquistadors”?
Cortés
Who discovered the Grand Canyon?
Coronado (his men)
Jacques Cartier, a French explorer, explored the eastern coast of _____.
Canada
Who was the hired English explorer that searched for a shorter route to the Orient (for the Dutch)?
Henry Hudson
What English explorers was the leader of the first permanent English settlement?
John Smith
What was the first permanent English settlement?
Jamestown
When was Jamestown started?
1607
In mercantilism, the nation’s wealth and strength was measured by the possession of _____ and _____.
Silver and gold
What term is best described as individuals sharing expenses, gains, and losses?
Companies
What were the Portuguese shortcomings?
> Too vast for the small nation
Lost many men at sea
Cruelty of the traders
The East Indies traded a long side the _____.
Dutch
What country seized control of the Persian Gulf?
India
What country established the English East India Company?
India
