Chapter 8 Flashcards
What word means “universal” or “encompassing all”?
Catholic
What became the center of existent education?
The Roman Catholic church
What man does the Catholic Church trace themselves back to?
Peter
What theory believes that Christ made Peter the first pope, and gave him supreme authority over the church on earth?
The Petrine Theory
Name some things that disprove the Petrine Theory.
- Peter never claimed authority as the first pope or vicor.
2. There is no historical evidence that he was the bishop of Rome.
What term describes a religious act (necessary for salvation) that automatically grants spiritual benefit to the one who does it?
Sacrament.
What word refers to the bread and wine turning into the actual flesh and blood of Christ?
Transubstantiation
Sacraments 1-4: Required or not required?
Required
Sacraments 5-7: Required or not required?
Not required
What is the name of the men who “enlisted” in the ministry?
Clergy
What is the name for the “non-enlisted” men who worked in the ministry?
Laity
What was the branch of the clergy that conducted religious services, administered sacraments to the Laity, and supervised the business and prosperity of the church? (Branch of ministry that interacted with the world)
Secular Clergy
What was the branch of the clergy that renounced the things of this world?
Regular Clergy
What is the Benedictine Rule?
A group of strict monks.
Who was the monk that took the gospel to Ireland?
St. Patrick
Who is the “Apostle of the Germans”?
Boniface
What is the place of temporary punishment where souls bound for heaven must go after death to atone for their “minor” unconfessed sins or for sins for which they have not done sufficient penance?
Pergatory
Who were the most powerful of the Germanic peoples?
Franks
In 481 _____ became the head of a Frankish tribe in Northern Gaul?
Clovis
Who is known as the “King of the Franks”?
Clovis
In the _____ (a treaty), the sons of Charlemagne agreed to split the empire into 3 separate kingdoms.
Treaty of Verdun
Who is a person who owns land?
Lord
Who is a person who has a duty to the king?
Vassal
What is the process of lords giving land to others, etc, etc.?
Subinfeudation
What is the ceremony by which a man became a Vassal and thus eligible for a fief?
Homage
In what stage of training does a young boy develop both his mind and body?
Page
In what stage of training does a young boy become the personal servant of a knight?
Squire
What place was the center of life for the nobility?
Castle
Name the strict code that governed knightly behavior.
The Code of Chivalry
The Roman Catholic Church’s teachings influenced daily life and culture. T/F?
True
The church at Rome was organized according to political and geographical divisions. T/F?
True
Charlemagne means “big-foot”. T/F?
False
Charlemagne means “Charles the great”. T/F
True
Thanksgiving day 900 the Pope crowned Charlemagne the Roman Emperor. T/F?
False
Thanksgiving Day 800 the Pope crowned Charlemagne the Roman Emperor. T/F?
False
Christmas Day 900 the Pope crowned Charlemagne the Roman Emperor. T/F?
False
Christmas Day 800 the Pope crowned Charlemagne the Roman Emperor. T/F?
True
The “Peace of God”: Church forbade the privilege of per property and extended protection to all noncombatants in society.
True
The “Truce of God”: Sought to limit fighting to specified weekdays by forbidding combat from Wednesday evening to Monday morning.
True
The “Peace of God”: Sought to limit fighting to specified weekdays by forbidding combat from Wednesday evening to Monday morning.
False
The “Truce of God”: Church forbade the privilege of per property and extended protection to all noncombatants in society.
False
What are the 7 sacraments of the Catholic church?
- Baptism
- Confirmation
- Penance
- Holy Eucharist (Communion)
- Matrimony (marriage)
- Holy Orders (Not being married)
- Extreme Unction
What was the home for the vast majority of people living in western Europe during the Middle Ages?
the manor
What were the 2 buildings that dominated the manor?
the lord’s residence and the village church
The _____ was the land reserved for the lord.
demesne
The _____ were the more privileged peasants who served as a manorial officials or provided skilled labor, such as blacksmiths, millers, and carpenters.
freemen
The majority of those living on a manor were the peasants known as the _____.
serfs
What does “serf” mean?
“slave”
Usually the serfs devoted 2 or 3 days a week to working tor their lord, an obligation known as _____.
week work
