3rd Quarter Exam (Chapter 16) Flashcards
Who founded the Plymouth Colony?
The Pilgrims
Who did the Mayflower Compact govern?
The Pilgrims
Where did the Puritans settle?
Near Boston
What was the function of the Pilgrim/Puritan government?
to promote piety and restrain evildoers
What was the goal of the Pilgrim/Puritan government?
to mold godly character
What were the similarities between all the American colonies?
✪European background
✪Protestant heritage
✪respect for English common law
✪love for local self-government
What was the original purpose for the Civil War?
they were fighting for the rights they already had, but were not getting
What did the Tea Act do?
put a small tax on imported tea
What did the Quebec Act do?
extended territory of former French colony
How did the Colonists feel about war?
they feared war, but desired English rights
What were some Colonial weaknesses?
✾small and poorly equipped army
✾suffered many hardships
✾met with several humiliating retreats
What were some Colonial strengths?
❂determined leadership
❂personal motivation to defend homes
What did the Treaty of Paris do?
☛gave the recognition of independence of American colonies
☛established the U.S. boundaries
What was wrong with the Articles of Confederation?
◆states loosely tied together
◆states had too much power
What was America’s “first Constitution”?
The Articles of Confederation
What was established for the protection of personal rights?
the Bill of Rights
In France, what determined one’s privileges and taxation?
social standing
What were the French social classes?
First Estate
Second Estate
Third Estate
Describe the French Estates.
First: Roman Catholic clergy
Second: nobility
Third: commoners and laborers
Why were the French discontent?
☹social inequality
☹political inefficiency
☹economic irresponsibility
Give examples of the economic irresponsibility in France.
$ unbalanced tax system
$ wasteful spending
What did the commoners and nobility agree on?
they both wanted a written constitution
What did the commoners and nobility not agree on?
the commoners wanted equal taxation, equal justice, and the destruction of feudalism
the nobility wanted the protection of rights and privileges
Where did the National Assembly move to when they were sent away?
the Royal Tennis Court
What was the preamble to the French Constitution?
Declaration of the Rights of Man
What did the Declaration of the Rights of Man list?
natural rights of people as citizens
Was the Declaration of the Rights of Man an “original document”?
No, they used other things like the Bill of Rights and stuff as a model.
Compare the English, American, and French personal freedoms.
English freedom of speech, debate, and petition
American freedom of religion, speech, press, assembly, and petition
French “do anything that does not injure others”
What forced the king to move back to Paris?
Bread Riots
What did the French Constitution do?
☺ limited monarchy
☺guaranteed:
equal taxes
no special privileges
fairer judicial system
new governing body= Legislative AssemblyWhat were the purposes for the Jacobins?
❍ to discuss political issues
❍ to distribute revolutionary propaganda
Who were the leaders of the Jacobins?
Jean-Paul Marat
Georges-Jacques Danton
Maximilian de Robespierre
What was the outcome of the National Convention?
◊abolished monarchy
◊established French Republic
What were some changes made as a result of the French Revolutionary War?
◆Frances was divided into departments
◆they adopted the metric system
◆calendar changed
◆new religion - “cult of reason”
What were the changes made to the calendar as a result of the French Revolutionary War?
10 day weeks
30 day months
12 month years
What were some similarities between the American and French fight for independence?
➢influenced by Enlightenment ideas
➢encouraged the cause of liberty
➢struggled against oppressive governments
What were some differences between the American and French fight for independence?
American:
➣tempted by Protestant-Puritan heritage
➣stressed responsibility of liberty
➣preserved time-honored traditions
French:
➣encouraged by rationalist leaders
➣emphasized liberty and total freedom
➣destroy everything from the Old Regime
What were the American unpopular Measures?
→Tea Act
→”Intolerable” Acts
→Quebec Act
What were the French unpopular Measures?
→new taxes
→debasement of the currency
→more borrowing
What type of government did America end up with after the war?
a constitutional republic
What type of government did France end up with after the war?
a dictatorship
